CBSE Class 12 Physical Education Chapter 2 Sports & Nutrition Important Question Answer

Class 12th
Subject Physical Education
Category Important Questions

CBSE Class 12 Physical Education Chapter 2 Sports & Nutrition Important Question Answer

Q1. Differentiate between Macro and Micro Nutrients.

Ans –

Macro Nutrients Micro Nutrients
  • Nutrients are needed in larger amounts
  • Nutrients like Carbohydrates, proteins and fats
  • Provide Energy
  • Nutrients are needed in smaller amounts
  • Nutrients like Vitamins and Minerals.
  • Prevent from diseases

Q2. What are Nutrients?

Ans – Those chemical substances which are present in food are called nutrients. Nutrients include carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, water and fibre (roughage).

Q3. What are carbohydrates? Differentiate between its types.

Ans – Carbohydrates are organic compounds made up of Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen. Carbohydrates are a major source of energy and provide 4kcal per gram. Carbohydrates are found in abundance in plant foods. There are three types of carbohydrates –

  1. Monosaccharides are simple single units of sugars like glucose, fructose and galactose.
  2. Disaccharides are when two monosaccharides are combined together; these are maltose (glucose + glucose), lactose (glucose + galactose) and sucrose (glucose + fructose).
  3. Polysaccharides are more than two units of monosaccharides joined together. These are starches and fibre (cellulose). These are also called complex sugars.

Q4. Explain different types of nutrients and their function and sources. Most Important

Ans – There are different type of nutrients as following –

  • Carbohydrate
  • Protein
  • Fat
  • Vitamin
  • Dietary Fibre or Roughage

Sources of Nutrients are as follows –

Carbohydrate – Carbohydrates provide energy needed by the body and the nervous system, brain and red blood cells. Some sources of carbohydrates are Fruits, cereal grains, milk, suger, rice, vegetables, pasta, breads etc.

Protein – Proteins build & repair body cells and a form part of various enzymes, hormones, and antibodies. Protein also provide energy to body. Some sources of protein are Milk and milk products, grains, fish, eggs, poultry, meat etc.

Fat – Fats provide energy, Carry vitamins and help in regulation of hormones. some sources of fat are meat, poultry, fish, milk and milk products, nuts and seeds, vegetable oils, desi ghee, vanaspati ghee, butter, margarine, cheese

Vitamin – vitamins help in regulation of body hormones and digest of macronutrients. some sources of vitamin are milk, cheese, cream, butter, egg yolk, liver, carrots, pumpkin, mangoes, papaya, soybean, corn, cottonseed, safflower, green leafy vegetables etc.

Dietary Fibre or Roughage – Dietary fibre or roughage provides feeling of fullness, helps in smooth elimination of stool, prevents diseases like cancer, diabetes and heart disease, has cholesterol lowering effect. Some sources of Roughage are wheat atta, whole pulses, peas, beans, vegetables, fruits like guava, orange, pineapple etc.

Q5. Name two water soluble vitamins.

Ans – Vitamin B and Vitamin C

Q6. Name Some fat soluble Vitamins.

Ans – Vitamin A, Vitamin, D, Vitamin E, and Vitamin K.

Q7. Write down some sources of Vitamin A.

Ans – milk, cheese, cream, butter, egg yolk, liver, dark green leafy vegetables; red and yellow fruits and vegetables (carrots, pumpkin, mangoes, papaya).

Q8. Write down some sources of Vitamin D.

Ans – Egg yolks, liver, fatty fish, fortified foods. When exposed to sunlight, the skin can make vitamin D.

Q9. Write down some sources of Vitamin E.

Ans – soybean, corn, cottonseed, safflower, green leafy vegetables, wheat germ, wholegrain products, nuts and seeds.

Q10. Write down some sources of Vitamin K.

Ans – green leafy vegetables, cabbage and Milk.

Q11. Write down some sources of Calcium.

Ans – Milk and milk products, fish with bones (eg., sardines), fortified soya milk, greens (broccoli, mustard leaves), pulses

Q12. What do you understand by a balanced diet?

Ans – Balanced Diet is eating a wide variety of foods in the right proportions, and consuming the right amount of food and drink to achieve and maintain a healthy body weight.

Q13. What are Non-Nutritive component of food. What are the benefits of Non-Nutritive foods?

Ans – Chemical compounds in foods with no specific nutritional function are called as non-nutritive components of foods.

Benefits of Non-Nutritive foods :

  • Phytochemicals : Phytochemicals are chemical compounds produced by plants, generally to help them thrive or thwart competitors, predators, or pathogens.
  • Artificial Sweeteners: These are synthetic compounds that duplicate the taste of sugar, but contain less energy, and, therefore, are often added to diet foods and beverages.
  • Preservatives: These are compounds that have the ability to inhibit microbial growth and are often added to food and beverage products to prolong shelf life.
  • Anthocyanins: Anthocyanins give grapes, blueberries, cranberries, and raspberries their dark colour. They have been shown in the laboratory to have anti-inflammatory and anti- tumour properties.

Q14. What is BMI? Write the formula for calculating BMI. Most Important

Ans – Body Mass Index (BMI) is used to broadly categorize a person as underweight, normal weight, overweight, or obese based on tissue mass (muscle, fat, and bone) and height.

Formula for calculate BMI is \displaystyle \frac{{\text{Weight (Kg)}}}{{\text{Heigh}{{\text{t}}^{\text{2}}}\text{(m)}}}

Q15. What is food Intolerance? Enlist the foods which are commonly associated with food intolerance.

Ans – Food intolerance is the non-allergic food hypersensitivity, which is characterized by difficulty in digesting certain foods. Food intolerance can be caused due to lack of enzymes or chemical cause. example – due to lack of lactase enzyme, a person is unable to digest milk and milk related products. some foods like cheeses, and caffeine in coffee, tea, and chocolates can also cause food intolerance.

Q16. Explain the importance of fluid intake during a competition.

Ans – Fluid intake plays an important role during a competition. it help in following ways –

  • To maintain water balance.
  • Help to transport nutrients throughout the body.
  • Sustaining performance, preventing dehydration and avoiding injury.
  • Maintain blood sugar level and to delay fatigue.
  • Dealing with nutritional needs of body
  • To maintain temperature of body.

Q17. What should be the basic nutrient in a weightlifter’s diet and why?

Ans – Protein should be the basic nutrient in a weightlifter’s diet because Proteins build and repair body cells and form part of various enzymes, hormones, and antibodies and also Provide energy.

Also Read CBSE Class 12 Physical Education Book Solution
Also Read CBSE Class 12 Important Questions (All Subjects)

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