Explain the steps involved in using Programme Evaluation & Review Technique (PERT) and Critical Path Method (C. P. M).

Answer – PERT means Programme Evaluation and Review Technique. CPM means Critical Path Method. Both are network techniques used to plan and control complex projects.

1. Identify all activities needed to complete the project.
2. Determine their sequence and dependencies.
3. Draw a network showing the relationships.
4. Estimate the duration of each activity.
5. Identify the critical path, the longest-duration path that determines the minimum project completion time.
6. Monitor progress and act on delays, especially in critical activities.

PERT commonly uses uncertain time estimates; CPM commonly uses more definite activity times and considers time-cost trade-offs. Delaying a critical activity delays completion unless compensating action is taken.