Class 10 History BSEH Solution for Chapter 2 Major Civilization’s of the Ancient World Important Question Answer for Haryana board. CCL Chapter Provide Class 1th to 12th all Subjects Solution With Notes, Question Answer, Summary and Important Questions. Class 10 History mcq, summary, Important Question Answer, Textual Question Answer are available of India and World Book for HBSE.
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HBSE Class 10 History Chapter 2 Major Civilization’s of the Ancient World Important Question Answer for Haryana Board of India and World Book Solution.
Major Civilization’s of the Ancient World Class 10 History Chapter 2 Important Question Answer
Question 1. What were the economic activities of the Egyptians?
Answer – The economic activities of the people of Egypt were as follows-
- Agriculture: Wheat, barley, cotton, flax were the main produce here and among fruits grapes, figs and dates etc. were produced.
- Animal husbandry: The Egyptians kept animals. They reared cows, sheep, donkeys, calves, monkeys and poultry.
- Industries: The Egyptians were proficient in many types of industries. They were skilled in cutting stones, making ornaments and utensils, making copper and bronze weapons and making wooden furniture. The Egyptians were also skilled in building boats and ships.
- Commerce and Trade: Commerce and trade also flourished in Egypt. Internal trade in Egypt was done through the Nile river. Spices, dyes, oils, powders and sandalwood were imported from Egypt, India and Arabia. Animals were also traded.
Question 2. What are the gifts of Egypt to the world?
Answer – The following is the contribution of Egyptian civilization to the world:-
- Egypt gave the world a year of 365 days and a calendar.
- They invented the sun clock and the water clock.
- They made many discoveries in the field of medicine. They prepared such a chemical coating that the dead body could be preserved for centuries.
- The names of 600 medicines related to various diseases are mentioned in an Egyptian list.
- They promoted the principle of monotheism.
Question 3. What is the meaning of Mesopotamia?
Answer – Mesopotamia is a Greek word. It is made up of two words, ‘meso’ and ‘potam’. ‘Meso’ means middle and ‘Potam means river. Thus, the literal meaning of Mesopotamia is the part between two rivers.
Question 4. What are ziggurats?
Answer – The tall temples built in the shape of pyramids in the cities of Sumer are called ziggurats.
Question 5. What is the meaning of Boule and Agora?
Answer – The council consisted of respected persons of the upper class named as ‘Boule’. The general meeting of the public was called ‘Agora’.
Question 6. Why is Rome called the “City of Seven Hills”? ( HBSE 2023 )
Answer – Rome was a small village situated on seven hills on the banks of the Tiber river in central Italy. Hence, it was also called ‘City of Seven Hills’.
Question 7. List the social classes of Roman civilization.
Answer – During the monarchy period, Monarchical society was divided into two classes – the Patrician class and Plebian class. The Patrician class consisted of Latins, who were the only real inhabitants of Rome. This class consisted of the people of Rome’s high and aristocratic families. The second class was the Plebians, consisting of freed slaves, landless and poor people who did not enjoy political rights.
Question 8. Describe the political, economic, religious and social life of Mesopotamian civilization.
Answer – The following is the description of the political, economic, religious and social life of Mesopotamian civilization:-
Political Life : The rulers were autocratic and had complete control of the empire, but there was a democratic system in the early stages, which later became a monarchy. They ruled on the basis of divine principles. The ruler was the supreme commander, judge and highest official. They divided their empire into many provinces in order to govern them better. The governor of the province was chosen by him. The governor used to collect taxes from his province, maintain peace, and support the ruler in war.
Social Life : The society of that time was divided into three classes-upper class, middle class, and the lower class. Kings, officials, and priests form the upper class. The feudal lords and merchants were among the middle class. The lower classes included slaves and farmers. The ideals of morality were very high in society.
Religious Life : The people of Mesopotamia were polytheistic. Each city had its own deities. They also worshipped the fields, rivers and mountains. Their main deities were Anu (god of the sky), Ki (earth), Sin (moon), Tammuz (god of vegetation and agriculture), Ishtar (goddess of love), Nergal (god of plague) etc. To please these deities, sacrifices were made.
Economic Life : Agriculture was the main occupation of the people. Wheat, barley, olives, cotton and grapes were cultivated. Industry and trade were also advanced at that time. Unions were formed in industry and trade. The exchange was made with pieces of gold, silver divided into the follow and copper. Camels and goats were special among the animals.
Question 9. Why is Egypt called the gift of the Nile River? ( HBSE 2022 )
or
Why is Egypt called the ‘Blessing of the Nile’ ? ( HBSE 2023 )
Answer – Trade of Spices, colours, oil, powder and sandalwood was done with the Nile River. Egypt people imported goods from India and Arabia through Nile river. Due to this reason, Egypt is called the gift of Nile River.
Q10. The main occupation of the Egyptians was ………. ( HBSE 2023 )
Ans. Agriculture
Q11. The modern name of Mesopotamia is……… ( HBSE 2023 )
Ans. Iraq