‘Management is a Science’. Give any one argument in its favour.

Answer – Science is a systematic body of knowledge explaining relationships through general principles developed by observation and experimentation.

• Systematic knowledge: management has organised concepts, principles and theories.
• Experimentation and observation: principles emerge from practical experience and repeated observation of organisations.
• Qualified application: people and situations differ, so management principles are not exact laws with identical results everywhere. They guide decisions and must be adapted.

Management is an inexact social science. Its principles improve understanding and prediction, but cannot guarantee identical human responses. Science supplies knowledge and art applies it; the two are complementary.