Class 10 History BSEH Solution for chapter 1 Sarasvati-Sindhu Civilization Important QAnswer for Haryana board. CCL Chapter Provide Class 1th to 12th all Subjects Solution With Notes, QAnswer, Summary and Important Questions. Class 10 History mcq, summary, Important QAnswer, Textual QAnswer are available of Bharat and the World Book for HBSE.
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HBSE Class 10 History Chapter 1 Sarasvati-Sindhu Civilization Important QAnswer for Haryana Board of Bharat and the World Book Solution.
Sarasvati-Sindhu Civilization Class 10 History Chapter 1 Important QAnswer
Q1. What were the main features of the town planning of the Sarasvati-Sindhu civilization? ( HBSE 2022 )
or
Write any two features of town planning of sarasvati-sindhu Civilization. ( HBSE 2023 )
or
Write notes on different types of buildings of sarasvati-sindhu civilization. ( HBSE 2022 )
or
What are the main features of Urban Planning of Saraswati Sindhu civilization?
Answer – There are the following features of town planning of Sarsavati-Sindhu civilization –
- In the town Planning of this civilization, two mounds are often found in the east and west directions. The residential area was situated on the east mound and the fort was situated on the west mound. Common men, merchants, craftsmen, artisans and workers lived in the residential area of the town.
- Administrative, public buildings and granaries were located inside the fort.
- The main roads divided the town into five or six blocks. The main roads in Mohenjodaro were 9.15 metres wide and the streets were 3.0 metres wide on average. The roads were unpaved. Special attention was paid to cleanliness.
- The drains of the houses led to the big drain on the side of the road, then the water was drained out of the town through these drains. The drains were made of paved bricks.
- Residential buildings had three or four rooms, a kitchen, a bathroom and a courtyard in the middle of the building. The houses of the rich people also had wells and toilets.
Q2 – How was the arrangement of roads and streets in the urban planning of Saraswati-Indus Civilization? ( HBSE 2023 )
Answer – In the arrangement of roads and streets, The main roads divided the town into five or six blocks. The main roads in Mohenjodaro were 9.15 metres wide and the streets were 3.0 metres wide on average. The roads were unpaved. Special attention was paid to cleanliness.
Q3 – Describe the social and religious life of the people of the Sarasvati-Sindhu civilization? ( HBSE 2022 )
Answer –
Social life of the people of the Sarasvati-Sindhu civilization
The society of Sarasvati-Sindhu civilization must have been divided into many classes. The town was divided into fortification area and housing area. The rich people or ruling class resided in the town-forts. Traders, soldiers, officers, craftsmen and labourers lived in the residential area. In the society of the Sarasvati-Sindhu civilization, other important classes were farmers, potters, carpenters, sailors, laborers, jewellers, and weavers. The people of Sarasvati-Sindhu civilization were both vegetarian and non-vegetarian. Their main food was barley, wheat, rice, fruits, vegetables, milk, meat (fish, sheep, goats, pigs etc.). The rich used to wear ornaments made of gold and silver, semi-precious stones, ivory, etc., while the poor wore ornaments made of clay, bone and stone. The game of chess and dance were their main means of entertainment. The people of Sarasvati Sindhu civilization were also fond of hunting. There were toys, clacks, whistles and carts, etc., to entertain the children.
Religious life of the people of Sarasvati-Sindhu civilization
The people used to worship the Mother Goddess. In this civilization, the worship of the Mother Goddess was prevalent in the form of the worship of the goddesses of the animal and plant world. Pashupati Shiva is found in the antiques of Sarasvati-Sindhu civilization. A seal obtained from Mohenjodaro depicts a three headed man with horns seated in a yoga posture on a throne. The elephant and tiger are shown on the right side, thel rhinoceros and the buffalo are shown on the left. Two deer are shown standing under the throne. This figurine is of Pashupati Shiva. Shivlinga was also worshipped during this civilization. There is also evidence of animal worship and tree worship in the Sarasvati-Sindhu civilization. Mainly, one horned animal, bull, snake, peepal tree etc. were worshipped. The Swastik symbol is also found on a few seals of this civilization. The mausoleum areas were outside the towns. The heads of the dead bodies were usually placed towards the north and the feet towards the south. Pottery, jewellery, tools, etc. were kept with the skeletons.
Q4 – Describe chronology of the Sarasvati-Sindhu civilization.
Answer – The sarasvati-sindhu civilization is divided into three periods. Radiocarbon dates suggests that the Sarasvati river valley was inhabited by the first agrarian cultures before 7500-7000 BC. In 3200 BC, with the development of town-planning, writing, seals and the method of measurement, these first agrarian cultures were transformed into a developed rural culture, which developed the characteristics of Phase-1 urban life by 2600 BC. As a result, the towns of India’s first urban civilization emerged. By 1900 BC, this urban civilization started changing into a rural culture. This urban civilization collapsed before 1300 BC.
- Phase 1 – Early Period ( >4000-2600 BC )
- Phase 2 – Urban Period ( 2600-1900 BC )
- Phase 3 – Later Period ( 1900-1300 BC )
Q5 – List the trading centers of Sarasvati-Sindhu civilization.
Answer –
- Harappa
- mohenjodaro
- Lothal
- Kalibanga
- Rakhigarhi
Q6 – Name any two sites of sarasvati-sindhu civilization found in Haryana.
Answer –
- Mitathal
- Rakhigarhi
Q7 – How far did the expansion of the Saraswati-Sindhu civilization spread?
Answer – This civilization was from Alamgirpur (Western Uttar Pradesh) in the east to Sutkagendor (Baluchistan) in the west and from Manda (Jammu) in the north to Daimabad (Maharashtra) in the south. The area of this civilization is 2,15,000 square kilometers. In which 1600 km from east to west and 1400 km from north to south.
Q8 – Describe the fragmented male idol found from Mohenjodaro.
Answer – The fragmented male idol found from Mohenjodaro is 19 cm tall, wearing a shawl with shamrock ornamentation. The beard is specially groomed and the hair is tied at the back with lace.
Q9 – Describe the sculptures of animals and birds found at Mohenjodaro.
Answer – Among the sculptures of animals and birds found from Mohenjodaro, idols of bull, sheep, goat, dog, elephant, boar, peacock, duck, parrot and pigeon have been found.
Q10 – Which were the important classes of sarasvati-sindhu Civilization?
Answer – In the society of sarasvati-sindhu Civilization, farmers, potters, carpenters, sailors, laborers, jewelers and weavers were important classes.
Q11 – What kind of food did the people of sarasvati-sindhu civilization eat?
Answer – The people of sarasvati-sindhu civilization used to eat both vegetarian and non-vegetarian food. Their main food was barley, wheat, rice, fruits, vegetables, milk and meat (fish, sheep, goats, pigs etc.).
Q12 – Describe the figurine of Pashupati Shiva found from Mohenjodaro.
Answer – A seal obtained from Mohenjodaro depicts a three headed man with horns seated in a yoga posture on a throne. The elephant and tiger are shown on the right side, thel rhinoceros and the buffalo are shown on the left. Two deer are shown standing under the throne. This figurine is of Pashupati Shiva.
Q13 – Write the names of two major cities of sarasvati-sindhu civilization. ( HBSE 2022 )
Answer –
- Harappa
- Mohenjodaro
Q14 – Write any two features of town planning of sarasvati-sindhu Civilization. ( HBSE 2022 )
Answer – Any two features of city planning of sarasvati-sindhu Civilization –
- In the cities of this civilization, two mounds are usually found in the east and west direction. The housing area was situated on the east mound and the fort was situated on the west mound.
- The roads of this civilization used to divide the cities into five-six blocks.
Q15 – Name one port of sarasvati-sindhu civilization. ( HBSE 2022 )
Answer – Lothal
Q16 – Write notes on different types of buildings of sarasvati-sindhu civilization. ( HBSE 2022 )
Answer – Residential and community buildings are also found in the Sarasvati-Sindhu civilization. Residential buildings had three or four rooms, a kitchen, a bathroom and a courtyard in the middle of the building. The houses of the rich people also had wells and toilets. Evidence of stairs in buildings is also found. Evidence of plastering on windows, ventilators, floors and walls in houses has been found. Granaries, baths and meeting halls are found in community buildings
Q17 – In which state is Lothal? ( HBSE 2022 )
Answer – Gujarat
Q18- Kalibanga is in which state? ( HBSE 2022 )
Answer – Rajasthan
Q19 – When did the sarasvati-sindhu civilization decline? ( HBSE 2022 )
Answer – 1300 BC
Q20 – How wide was the main road and streets of sarasvati-sindhu civilization? ( HBSE 2022 )
Answer – Road was 9.15 meters wide and street was 3 meters wide in sarasvati-sindhu civilization.
Q21 – What was the economic structure of the Sarasvati-Sindhu civilization?
Answer – The economic structure of the sarasvati-sindhu civilization was very strong. The main occupation of the people here was agriculture. Here people mainly cultivated wheat, barley, rice, moong, lentils, peas, mustard, cotton, sesame etc. The specific types of crops, method of planting crops, agricultural equipment, irrigation system etc. show the agricultural development of that time. Bulls, cows, buffaloes, sheep, goats, dogs, donkeys and pigs were mainly reared in this civilization. They were used for milk, meat, skins and so on. This civilization also imported and exported goods. Trade by land route was done by bullock carts and by sea route by boat. The people of Sindhu were well versed in the techniques of metal casting for various types of jewellery, tools and implements, and were highly skilful and proficient in their manufacture. Various types of ornaments were made from precious stones, conch shells, oysters and ivory.
Q22. What is the contribution of Sarasvati-Sindhu civilization to the world? ( HBSE 2023 )
Answer – Sarasvati Sindhu Civilization is one of the oldest civilizations in the world. The world got to learn a lot from this civilization. The best example of town planning system was seen in this civilization. In which the system of road system and drainage of water in the city was important. Evidence of agriculture and its tools were also found in this civilization. This civilization revealed which animals were domesticated from the very beginning. Apart from this, import and export were also seen with other civilisations.