What is meant by 'Leadership' ? Explain the qualities of a good leader.

Answer – Leadership influences people's behaviour so that they willingly work towards shared objectives. It involves interpersonal influence, followers, a continuing relationship and common goals. A manager's formal authority does not automatically make that person an effective leader.

Qualities of a good leader: suitable physical energy and appearance; knowledge and competence; integrity; self-confidence; communication skill; motivation skill; initiative; decisiveness; and social skills, including empathy and the ability to maintain relationships.

Importance: inspires effort, builds confidence, introduces change, handles conflict, develops subordinates and connects personal commitment with organisational goals.

Styles: an autocratic leader retains decision authority and gives instructions; a democratic leader consults followers and encourages participation; a laissez-faire leader allows substantial freedom with available support. No style is always best: urgency, employee competence, task and risk affect suitability.