HBSE Class 10 Geography Important Question with Answer 2023-24 PDF

Class 10 Geography BSEH Solution for Important Question Answer for Haryana board. CCL Chapter Provide Class 1th to 12th all Subjects Solution With Notes, Question Answer, Summary and Important Questions. Class 10 History mcq, summary, Important Question Answer, Textual Question Answer in hindi are available of  HBSE Board.

HBSE Class 10 Geography Important Question Answer for Haryana Board Solution.

HBSE Class 10 Geography Important Question Answer 2023-24 Chapter Wise

HBSE Class 10 Geography Chapter 1 Resources and Development

Q1. What is Resource ? Describe soil resource.
OR
What are Resources?

Ans – Everything available in our environment which can be used to satisfy our needs, provided, it is technologically accessible, economically feasible and culturally acceptable can be termed as ‘Resource’.

Soil Resource –

Soil is the most important renewable natural resource. It is the medium of plant growth and supports different types of living organisms on the earth. The soil is a living system. It takes millions of years to form soil upto a few cm in depth. Relief, parent rock or bed rock, climate, vegetation and other forms of life and time are important factors in the formation of soil. Various forces of nature such as change in temperature, actions of running water, wind and glaciers, activities of decomposers etc. contribute to the formation of soil. On the basis of the factors responsible for soil formation, colour, thickness, texture, age,
chemical and physical properties, the soils of India are classified in different types.

Q2. How much technical and economical development led to more consumption of resources ?

Ans – Resources are freely provided by nature to us. But humans are exploiting resources. Some of the reasons that how have technical and economic development led to more consumption of resources are as follow:
1. With increase in technology we can easily and fastly exploit resources.
2. With development in technology we requires more comfort that requires more resources.
3. With the development, we requires more mechanical power than human power that led to more consumption of resources.

Q3. What are biotic and abiotic resources ? Give two examples. Most Important

Ans – Biotic Resources – These resources are obtained from biosphere and have life is called biotic resources. Example – Human beings, fisheries, flora and fauna.

Abiotic Resources – These resources are composed of non-living things are called Abiotic resources. example – Rocks, Metals,

Q4. On the basis of origin tell two names of resources.

Ans – Biotic Resources and Abiotic Resources

Q5. What is Potential Resources ? Give any two examples.

Ans – Resources that are available in particular area but not fully used is called potential resources. Example- solar energy in Gujarat, Rajasthan and Wind energy in Rajasthan.

Q6. What are the Renewable Resources ? Give definition.

Ans – Those resources which can be regenerated again and again is called Renewable Resources. Example – Water, Soil etc.

Q7. Which type of natural resource is soil ? Most Important

Ans – Non- Renewable Resource.

Q8. Which soil is well known for its capacity to hold moisture? Most Important

Ans – Alluvial Soil

Q9. Write the name of state which have Black soil. Most Important

Ans – Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh

Q10. What steps can be taken to control Soil Erosion in the hilly areas ? Most Important

Ans – There are many steps to be taken to control soil erosion in hilly areas. Some of them are as :
1. Terrace cultivation
2. Contour ploughing
3. Strip cropping
4. Formation of shelter belts by plantation of trees.

Q11. Write any one cause for Land Degradation. Most Important

Ans – Deforestation

Q12. In which states Alluvial soil is found?

Ans – Haryana, Uttar Pradesh etc.

Q13. How much percentage mountains accounts for the total surface area of the country?

Ans – 30%

Q14. The second name for which Black Soil is known?

Ans – Regur Soil

Q15. In the word Laterite, meaning of ‘Later’ is _______.

Ans – brick

Q16. What do you mean by fallow land?

Ans – It is cultivable land which is cultivated once in two or three years. It is allowed to rest for one or two seasons to regain its fertility.

Q17. In India land under a variety of relief features, about how much land area is plains ?

Ans – 43%

Q18. Where was First Earth Summit’ held?

Ans –  Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Q19. What do you mean by sustainable development?
OR
What is meant by sustainable economic development?

Ans – Sustainable development means ‘development should take place without damaging the environment, and development in the present should not compromise with the needs of the future generations.

Q20. From which type of soil the Great plain of India are made ?

Ans – Alluvial Soil

Q21. How many types of Alluvial soil are on the basis of age?

Ans – Two type –

  1. Bangar
  2. Khadar

Q22. Give name of the soil which is formed by Lava (magma).

Ans –  Black Soil

Q23. ___________ soil is most useful for tea and coffee. (Black/Laterite)

Ans – Laterite

Q24. In which state/states Forest and Mountainous soil is found?

Ans –  Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Uttarakhand etc

Q25. All those things which are composed of Non-living things are said to be.

Ans – Abiotic Resources

Q26. Name the types of Soil.

Ans – Type of soil are following –

  • Alluvial Soil
  • Black Soil
  • Red and Yellow Soil
  • Laterite Soil
  • Arid Soil
  • Forest Soil

Q27. In which states / state Arid soil is found ?

Ans – Rajasthan

Q28. How much percent of Geographical area should be under the forest as per National Forest Policy of 1952 ?

Ans – 33%

Q29. Which type of resource is water?

Ans – Renewable resource

HBSE Class 10 Geography Chapter 2 Forest and Wildlife Resources

Q1. Describe how communities have conserved and protected forests and wildlife in India.

Ans – In India many traditional communities still live in the forests and depend on their livelihood for forest produce. These communities are working hand in hand with the government to conserve forests.
Example are following –

  • In Sariska Tiger Reserve, Rajasthan, villagers fought against mining activities.
  • In Alwar district of Rajasthan, local communities belonging to five villages have set their own rules and regulations in 1,200 hectares of forest land. They have named it as the Bhairodev Dakav ‘Sonchuri’. Hunting is not allowed in these lands and outside encroachments are prohibited.
  • The famous Chipko movement was started in the Himalayan region to stop deforestation. People belonging to the local community took to afforestation in a big way. Indigenous species were cultivated and protected.

Involving local communities in protecting the environment, and stopping degradation of forests has reaped many benefits.

Q2. What do you mean by biodiversity ?

Ans – Biodiversity or Biological Diversity is immensely rich in wildlife and cultivated species, diverse in form and function but closely integrated in a system through multiple network of interdependencies.

Q3. Write down the four benefits of Forest.

Ans –

  1. Forest Gives us wood .
  2. Forest Maintain Water Cycle.
  3. Forest Provides Oxygen.
  4. Forest Provide Medicinal Plants.

Q4. What is re-created by plants, animals and micro-organisms ?

Ans – quality of the air, water and soil is re-created by plants, animals and micro-organism.

Q5. Which one is a well-publicised wild life projects of the world?

Ans – ‘Project Tiger’

Q6. What do humans along with other living organisms form?

Ans –  Human along with other living organisms form a complex web of ecological system in which we are only a part and very much dependent on this system for our own existence.

Q7. What is National Park ?

Ans – National Park is the area which is protected by states for the protection and enjoyment of wildlife.

HBSE Class 10 Geography Chapter 3 Water Resources

Q1. What is water scarcity ? Write in brief of its main causes.

Ans – Water Scarcity –  many areas have shortage of water. This is called scarcity of water. In Rajasthan, women have to travel long distance to get drinking water after balancing matkas. According to Falken Mark, a Swedish Expert, water scarcity occurs when water availability is less than 1000 m3 per person per day.

Causes –

  • Low rainfall causes scarcity of water.
  • Water scarcity occurs in drought prone
  • Variation in seasonal rainfall.
  • Over exploitation of water.
  • Excessive use of water.
  • Unequal access to water.
  • Great demand due to growing population.

Q2. Compare the advantages and disadvantages of multi-purpose river projects.
or
What are the disadvantages of Multi-purpose River Projects?

Ans –

Advantages of Multi-purpose Rive projects –

  • Provide Irrigation
  • Generate Electricity
  • Provide water Supply
  • Control Flood
  • Help in Fish Breeding
  • They Provide help in Industrial Development.

Disadvantages of Multi-purpose Rive projects –

  • Affect natural flow of water
  • poor sediment flow with water
  • poor habitat for aquatic life in river.
  • Large scale displacement of local communities
  • They submerge the existing vegetation.
  • Soil decomposition occur

Q3. Explain how rain water harvesting in semi-arid regions of Rajasthan is carried out ?

Ans – Rain water harvesting is a technique of increasing the recharge of ground water by capturing and storing rainwater. Many low cost techniques are used in semi arid areas like Rajasthan. In Bikaner, Phalodi and Barmer, underground tanks or tankar are used for storing drinking water. These are connected to the sloping roofs of the houses through a pipe. Rainwater is stored in tankas for three to five years. Rainwater or Palar Pani is considered the Purest form of natural water.

Q4. What do you mean by Multi purpose project? Give its three benefits. Most Important
OR
What is multi-purpose projects ? Most Important

Ans – A multipurpose project is that type of project which fulfils a variety of purposes at the same time. for example- irrigation, generation of electricity, flood control, fish breeding, soil conservation with a single project of a Dam.

Q5. Define Underground Water.

Ans – Water that is found inside of Land is called underground water. Water obtained from wells and tubewells is underground water.

Q6. What is rainwater harvesting?

Ans – The Process of saving water of Rainfall for use is called Rainwater Harvesting. Rainwater Harvesting is mainly done in water scarcity areas.

Q7. What is watershed development ?

Ans – The Development in the storing method of water is called watershed development. This is used in rain water harvesting.

HBSE Class 10 Geography Chapter 4 Agriculture

Q1. What do you mean by Globalization of Agriculture? Write down its four advantages.
OR
Write a brief note on the impact of Globalization on Indian Agriculture.

Ans – The Process of Sharing of Agricultural Seeds and Techniques with other countries is called Globalization of agriculture. After Globalization of agriculture, every country got benefits. Here are following advantages of globalization of agriculture.

  • Major impact was with the introduction of high-yielding varieties of crops.
  • This innovation, coupled with investments in infrastructure, expansion of credit, marketing and processing facilities led to a significant increase in modern inputs.
  • Export of major agricultural commodities have been liberalized.
  • The “gene revolution”, will also benefit the farmers by raising agricultural productivity.

Q2. Explain the favourable geographical conditions for cultivation of wheat and also describe its production and distribution in India. Most Important

Ans – Geographical and Climatic Conditions –

Wheat is a rabi crop requires a cool growing season and a bright sunshine at the time of ripening. It requires 50 to 75 cm of annual rainfall evenly distributed over the growing season.

Distribution – 

Wheat is the second most important cereal crop. It is the main food crop in north and north-western parts of the country. The two important wheat -growing zones in the country are  – the Ganga-Satluj plains in the northwest and black soil regions of Deccan. The major wheat producing states are Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Rajasthan and some parts of Madhya Pradesh.

Q3. What are favourable geographical conditions for the cultivation of cotton and also explain its production and distribution in India. Most Important

Ans – Geographical and Climatic Conditions –

It requires high temperature, light rainfall or irrigation, 210 frost-free days and bright sun-shine for its growth. It is a kharif crop and requires 6 to 8 months to mature.

Distribution –

Major cotton-producing states are –
Maharashtra, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, arnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Tamil Nadu, Punjab, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh.

Q4. What are favourable geographical conditions for cultivation of sugarcane and also explain its production and distribution in India ? Most Important

Ans – Geographical and Climatic Conditions –

It is a tropical as well as a subtropical crop. It grows well in hot and humid climate with a temperature of 21°C to 27°C and an annual rainfall between 75cm. and 100cm. Irrigation is required in the regions of low rainfall. It can be grown on a variety of soils and needs manual labour from sowing to harvesting.

Distribution –

India is the second largest producer of sugarcane only after Brazil. The main sugarcane  producing states are Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Bihar and Andhra Pradesh.

Q5. Explain the Geographical and climatic conditions required for the production of Rice in India. Describe its distribution also. Most Important

Ans – Geographical and Climatic Conditions –

It is a kharif crop which requires high temperature, (above 25°C) and high humidity with annual rainfall above 100 cm. In the areas of less rainfall, it grows with the help of irrigation.

Distribution – 

India is the second largest producer of rice in the world after China. Rice is grown in the plains of north and north-eastern part of India, coastal regions and the Delta regions. Tubewells and canals have made it possible to grow rice in areas of less rainfall such as Punjab, Haryana and western Uttar Pradesh and some parts of Rajasthan.

Q6. Define agriculture and explain rice cultivation.

Ans – The growing of various kind of crops for their livelihood is called agriculture.

Rice Cultivation – 

Rice is a kharif crop which requires high temperature, (above 25°C) and high humidity with annual rainfall above 100 cm. In the areas of less rainfall, it grows with the help of irrigation.

Q7. What are the types of Farming? Describe about the required geographical conditions for TEA Farming.

Ans – There are different type of farming –

  • Primitive Subsistence Farming
  • Intensive Subsistence Farming
  • Commercial Farming

Geographical conditions for Tea Farming –

The tea plant grows well in tropical and sub-tropical climates endowed with deep and fertile well-drained soil, rich in humus and organic matter. Tea bushes require warm and moist frost-free climate all through the year. Frequent showers evenly distributed over the year ensure continuous growth of tender leaves.

Q8. Describe the distribution of tea cultivation in India.

Ans – Tea cultivation is a plantation agriculture. Major tea producing states are Assam, hills of Darjeeling and jalpaiguri district, West Bengal, Tamil Nadu and Kerala. Apart from these, Himachal Pradesh, Uttaranchal, Andhra Pradesh, Meghalaya and Tripura are also tea producing states in the country. India is the leading producer as well as exporter of tea in the world.

Q9. Explain how Agriculture and Industries move hand in hand? Most Important

Ans – Agriculture and industry are two of the most important economic components. Both are interrelated because they play critical roles in a country’s economic progress. Agriculture is the primary source of food, while the industry is in charge of producing goods and services. Most of Industries depend on agricultural products like cotton, jute, sugarcane etc. If agriculture grows in a country then their industrial development occur.

Q10. Define plantation agriculture. Give some examples.

Ans – Plantation is also a type of commercial farming. In this type of farming, a single crop is grown on a large area. The plantation has an interface of agriculture and industry. tea, coffee, rubber, sugarcane, banana, etc., are important plantation crops.

Q11. Describe any two geographical condition for the growth of rice. Most Important

Ans – Rice requires high temperature, (above 25°C) and high humidity with annual rainfall above 100 cm.

Q12. What is Jhumming or Slash and Burn Agriculture?

Ans – Farmers clear a patch of land and produce cereals and other food crops to sustain their family. When the soil fertility decreases, the farmers shift and clear a fresh patch of land for cultivation. This type of shifting allows Nature to replenish the fertility of the soil through natural processes. It is called Jhumming agriculture.

Q13. Define Commercial farming.
OR
What are the Commercial Agriculture ?

Ans –  Farming on a large scale for trade purpose is called commercial farming. The main characteristic of this type of farming is the use of higher doses of modern inputs, e.g. high yielding variety (HYV) seeds, chemical fertilisers, insecticides and pesticides in order to obtain higher productivity.

Q14. Which crops is known as ‘Golden Fibre’? What are its uses ?

Ans – Jute is known as Golden Fibre. Jute is used in making Ropes, bags, clothes and many other daily life products.

Q15. Distinguish between Rabi crops and Kharif Crops.
OR
Write two crops of Rabi Season.
OR
Write two crops of Kharif season.

Ans –

Rabi Crop Kharif Crop
  • Rabi crops are sown in winter from October to December and harvested in summer from April to June.
  • Some of the important rabi crops are wheat, barley, peas, gram and mustard.
  • Kharif crops are grown with the onset of monsoon in different parts of the country and these are harvested in September-October.
  • Important crops grown during this season are paddy, maize, jowar, bajra, tur (arhar), moong, urad, cotton, jute, groundnut and soyabean.

 

Q16. Define Green Revolution?
OR
What is the meaning of Green Revolution?

Ans – The Government of India embarked upon introducing agricultural reforms to improve Indian agriculture in the 1960s and 1970s is known as Green Revolution. During this revolution HYV seeds and cheap loans were provided to farmers.

Q17. Which country is said to be the original home of cotton ?

Ans – India

Q18. What is Primitive Subsistence Farming ?

Ans – Primitive subsistence agriculture is practised on small patches of land with the help of primitive tools like hoe, dao and digging sticks, and family/ community labour. This type of farming depends upon monsoon, natural fertility of the soil and suitability of other environmental conditions to the crops grown.

Q19. In production of ‘Rice’ our country stands on which No. ?

Ans – 2nd

Q20. The ‘TEA’ plant grows well in which climate ?

Ans – tropical and sub-tropical climates

Q21. ‘Rubber’ is a crop of which area?

Ans –  tropical and sub-tropical areas like Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka etc.

Q22. Which one describe a system of agriculture where a single crop is grown on a large scale ?

Ans – Commercial farming

Q23. Which crops are sown to increase the natural fertility of soil?

Ans – Pulses and fodder Crops like jawar, maize.

Q24. Write two crops of Zaid season.

Ans –  watermelon, muskmelon, cucumber

HBSE Class 10 Geography Chapter 5 Minerals and Energy Resources

Q1. Why do you think that Solar energy has a bright future in India ? Most Important

Ans – Solar energy has a bright future in India because of following reason :-

  • India is blessed with plenty of solar energy because most parts of the country receives a bright sunlight.
  • India has developed technology to use solar energy for cooking, water heating, space heating, crop drying, etc.
  • It is an abundant, inexhaustible, and universal source of energy.
  • India is a tropical country.
  • It is pollution free.

Q2. What are minerals ? Tell types and give description of Iron Ore ?
OR
What is Mineral ? Define. Most Important

Ans – Geologists define mineral as a “homogenous, naturally occurring substance with a definable internal structure.” Minerals are found in varied forms in nature. Rocks are combinations of homogenous substances called minerals. There are following type of Minerals.

  • Metallic
  • Non-Metallic
  • Energy Minerals

Description of Iron Ore –

Iron ore is the basic mineral and the backbone of industrial development. India is endowed with fairly abundant resources of iron ore. India is rich in good quality iron ores

Q3. Distinguish between Natural Gas and Biogas. Most Important
OR
What is Bio-gas ?

Ans –

Natural Gas Biogas
  • It is a conventional source of energy.
  • It is found with Petroleum deposits.
  • It took crores of year to produce.
  • It is a Non-conventional source of energy.
  • it can be produced through organic wastes.
  • It take very less time to produce.

Q4. Distinguish between Commercial and Non- commercial energy.

Ans –

Commercial Energy Non-commercial Energy
  • It is available at some price value.
  • It is non-renewable source of energy
  • Examples: coal, petroleum, natural gas
  • It is available free of cost.
  •  It is renewable source of energy
  • Examples: Firewood, agricultural waste etc.

Q5. Distinguish between Anthracite and Bituminous Coal.

Ans –

Anthracite Coal

  • Contains more than 80% carbon.
  • It is hard, black and compact.
  • It is of the highest quality Coal.

  Bituminous Coal

  • Contains 60% to 80% carbon.
  • It is of a lower grade than anthracite.
  • It is of medium quality Coal.

Q6. Why conservation of minerals is necessary? Most Important
OR
Why do we need to conserve mineral resources?

Ans – In order to conserve mineral resources, we must see to that our consumption of minerals does not increase our wants. We must remember that these resources are one of the greatest gifts of God and we must use these in such a manner that our future generations also enjoy this gift.

Q7. Write difference between Natural Gas and Bio Gas. Most Important

Ans –

Natural Gas Biogas
  • It is non-renewable source of energy
  • It is formed from fossil fuels.
  • It is formed by geological processes.
  • It is renewable source of energy
  • It is formed from Metabolic waste of animals.
  • It is formed by biological process.

Q8. Distinguish between metallic and non-metallic minerals. Most Important

Ans –

Metallic Minerals Non-Metallic Minerals
  • Metallic minerals contain metals in their raw form
  • These are Usually hard and have a shine.
  • Examples: iron, copper. bauxite and tin.
  • Non-metallic minerals contain non-metals in their raw form
  • They are not usually hard and have no shine of their own.
  • Examples: salt, coal, mica and clay.

Q9. How many types are the Rocks ? Write their names.

Ans – There are three types of Rocks.

  1. Metamorphic Rocks
  2. Igneous Rocks
  3. Sedimentary Rocks

Q10. Give four names of Renewable Power Resources.

Ans – Hydro power, Solar Power, Wind Power, Geothermal Power, Tidal Power

Q11. Which type of resource is tidal energy? Most Important

Ans – Renewable

Q12. Which mineral is contained in the Monazite Sand?

Ans – Thorium

Q13. Which type of resource is Iron-ore ?

Ans – Non-renewable Resource

Q14. In which type of rock the minerals are formed as a result of deposition, accumulation and concentration in horizontal strata ?

Ans – Sedimentary Rocks

Q15. Which one mineral is formed by decomposition of rocks leaving a residual mass of weathered material ?

Ans – Bauxite

Q16. Write down the two uses of Aluminium.

Ans – Aluminium Used in Chemical Industries and Manufacturing of Electrical Goods.

Q17. Give one example of Non Metallic Mineral.

Ans – Mica

Q18. Write the name of Coal of superior quality.

Ans – Anthracite

Q19. Where is biggest Solar Plant established in India?

Ans – Rajasthan

Q20. Tell the types of Iron-Ore.

Ans – There are following type of Iron-Ore.

  • Magnetite
  • Hematite

HBSE Class 10 Geography Chapter 6 Manufacturing Industries

Q1. Define manufacturing Industry and describe about Cotton Industries in India.

Ans – Production of goods in large quantities after processing from raw materials to more valuable products in a industry is called manufacturing Industry.

Cotton Industries in India –

In ancient India, cotton textiles were produced with hand spinning and handloom weaving techniques. After the 18th century, power -looms came into use.  In the early years, the cotton textile industry was concentrated in the cotton growing belt of Maharashtra and Gujarat. Availability of raw cotton, market, transport including accessible port facilities, labour,
moist climate, etc. contributed towards its localisation. This industry has close links with agriculture and provides a living to farmers, cotton boll pluckers and workers engaged in ginning, spinning, weaving, dyeing, designing, packaging, tailoring and sewing.

Q2. What is manufacturing? Define. Most Important

Ans – Production of goods in large quantities after processing from raw materials to more valuable products is called manufacturing.

Q3. How do industries pollute the environment ? Write in brief. Most Important

Ans – Environmental pollution is becoming a serious problem for mankind. Industries have caused Air, Water, Land and Noise pollution. Sulphur dioxide and carbon monoxide gases cause air pollution. Smoke from chemical industries and burning of fossil fuels cause hazards. Bhopal Gas Tragedy is one example. Industrial waste causes water pollution. Wastes from Nuclear plants cause cancer. Industrial processes cause noise pollution.

Q4. Why Cotton Textile industry was concentrated in Maharashtra and Gujarat ?

Ans – Cotton textile industry was concentrated in Maharashtra and Gujrat due to following reasons :-

  • Availability of Raw Material
  • Big market for International trade
  • Transport to port was cheap.
  • Cheap labour in these areas

Q5. What are basic Industries ? Give examples. Most Important

Ans – Basic industries supply the products or raw materials to manufacture other goods such as iron and steel, copper , aluminum are some basic industries.

Q6. What is Agro based industries ? Give any two examples.

Ans – Industries that obtained raw material from agriculture produces is called agro based industries. Examples: Jute industry, cotton industry etc.

Q7. Name any three physical factors for the location of an industry.

Ans –

  • Availability of Raw Material
  • Suitable climate.
  • Availability of suitable transport facilities.

Q8. Classify Industries on the basis of ownership.

Ans –

  • Public Sector Industry
  • Private Sector Industry
  • Joint Sector Industry
  • Cooperative sector Industries

Q9. Name four electronic goods producing centres of India.

Ans – Bangalore, Delhi, Mumbai and Kolkata

Q10. Why are most of the Jute mills of India located in West Bengal ?

Ans – Jute mills of india located in west Bengal , mainly along the bank of Hugli river because of jute producing areas, less expansive water transport, supported by a good network of roadways, railways and waterways to facilitate raw material to jute mills.

Q11. What are light industries?

Ans – Industries using light type of raw material and producing light goods are called light industries. examples- electronics industry produces fans, bulb, watches. etc.

Q12. Which industry manufacture telephone, computer etc. ?

Ans – Information Technology and Electronics Industry

Q13. Which industry uses lime-stone as raw material ?

Ans – Iron and Steel Industry

Q14. Which industry uses Bauxite as a raw material?

Ans – Aluminium industry

Q15. __________ is used by Aluminium industry as a basic raw material. (Bauxite / Copper)

Ans – Bauxite

Q16. Define the Public Industry.

Ans – Industries which are owned and operated by the government is called Public Industry. example – BHEL, SAIL

Q17. Oil India Limited is a ________ sector enterprise. (Private/Public)

Ans – Public

Q18. ‘Production of valuable products after processing from Raw material’. What we call?

Ans – Manufacturing

Q19. In which state Bhilai Steel Plant is located ? Most Important

Ans – Chhattisgarh

HBSE Class 10 Geography Chapter 7 Lifelines of National Economy

Q1. Why are the means of transportation and communication called the life-line of nation and its economy ?

Ans – All the ways of transportation and communication tries to bring world closer. A good network of railway, waterway, roads, airlines help the goods and people to travel faster and provides a lifeline to a country. similarly means of communication like telephone, films, internet, books, newspaper helps in reduce distance between people because people can know from a far location about them. so means of transportation and communication are called the life line of nation and its economy.

Q2. Which are the main means of Communication ? Explain their positive role in the Indian Economy.

Ans – Personal Communication and mass communication which includes television, radio, mobile, press, films, computers etc. are the major means of communication in the country.

Role of Communication –

  • The Indian postal service is the world largest network in the  world. It delivers parcels as well as personal written communication. communication provides entertainment and creates awareness among
    people about various national programmes and policies.
  • India has one of the largest telecom networks in Asia. Excluding urban places more than two-thirds of the villages in India have already been covered with Subscriber Trunk Dialling (STD) telephone facility.
  • India publishes a large number of newspapers and periodicals annually. Newspapers are published in about 100 languages.
  • India is the largest producer of feature films in the world. It produces short films; video feature films and video short films.

Q3. What are the types of transport? Describe Railway transport.

Ans – There are three type of transport named Land Transport, Water Transport and Air Transport.

Railway Transport – 

Railways are the principal mode of transportation for freight and passengers in India. Railways also make it possible for people to conduct multifarious activities like business, sightseeing, pilgrimage along with transportation of goods over longer distances. Apart from an important means of transport the Indian Railways have been a great integrating force for more than 150 years. Railways in India bind the economic life of the country as well as accelerate the development of the industry and agriculture.

Q4. What is meant by Trade ? What is difference between international and local trade?

Ans –  The exchange of goods among people, states and countries is referred to as trade. There are the following difference between international and local trade :-

International Trade Local Trade
  • Trade is done between two countries.
  • It may take place through sea, air or land routes
  • Advancement of international trade of a country is an index to its economic prosperity.
  • Trade is done within country
  • It may take place through roads or railways.
  • Advancement of local trade is a sign of   economic prosperity of the local people.

Q5. Road transport is more effective than rail transport. Explain in brief.

Ans – Road transport is more effective than rail transport in many ways:-

  • Roads can be easily built and maintained.
  • Roads can be built in highter slopes and high mountains while it construct railways over rough terrain.
  • Roads are suitable for transporting light, perishable goods.
  • Goods can be delivered right to the doorsteps of consumers.

Q6. Write a note on Airways in India.

Ans – The air travel, today, is the fastest, most comfortable and prestigious mode of transport. It can cover very difficult terrains like high mountains, dreary deserts, dense forests and also long oceanic stretches with great ease. Air travel has made access easier.

Q7. What is significance of border roads?

Ans – Border roads have strategic importance in border areas of a country. These roads have easy and accessible reach to border areas. It also strengthens our defence preparedness.

Q8. State any two merits of Railway transport.

Ans –

  1. Railways can carry a large number of passengers and goods.
  2. Railways are cheap means of transport.

Q9. What are the problems of Indian Railways today?

Ans –

  • Ticketless travel
  • Unnecessary pulling of chains causing delays and disruption resulting in late running of trains.
  • Over crowding

Q10. State two merits of Roadways.

Ans –

  1. roads can traverse comparatively more dissected and undulating topography.
  2. it also provides door-to-door service.

Q11. Write down the two main aims of Golden Quadrilateral Super National Highways.

Ans – The main aims of these Golden Quadrilateral Super National Highways is to reduce the time and distance between the mega cities of India.

Q12. What is Mass Communication?

Ans – Communication with a group of People is called Mass Communication. Example- Live Telecast of News, Live speech of Ministers etc.

Q13. Name any four International Airports of India.

Ans –

  1. Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport ( Mumbai )
  2. Indra Gandhi International Airport ( Delhi)
  3. Sri Guru Ram Dass Jee International Airport ( Amritshar)
  4. GMR Hyderabad International Airport ( Hydrabad )

Q14. What is meant by sustainable economic development.

Ans – Sustainable economic development is an approach to economic planning that attempts to foster economic growth while preserving the quality of the environment for future generations.

Q15. Write the advantages of pipeline in transportation of Petroleum and Natural Gas.

Ans –

  • It is cheap means of transport in Inaccessible areas, dense forests, deserts and on high mountains.
  • It rules out trans-shipment losses and delays.

Q16. Write the name of Northern Terminal of the North-South corridor.

Ans – Srinagar

Q17. Which mode of transportation reduces trans-shipment losses and delays ?

Ans – Pipeline

Q18. Which is most Important mode of transportation in India?

Ans – Railways

Q19. Cheapest means of transport is ________. (Pipe Line / Road Transport)

Ans – Pipe Line

Q20. Write two major ports of Eastern Coast of India.

Ans – Haldia sea port, Vishakhapatnam Sea Port

Q21. Write any two sea ports on western coast of India.

Ans – Jawaharlal Nehru sea port (Mumbai) , Kandla sea port (Gujrat)

Q22. What we call a trade between two countries ?
OR
Trades between two countries is called ________ trade. (National / International)

Ans – International Trade

Q23. The largest number newspapers are published in _________ language. (Hindi/English)

Ans – Hindi

Q24. Write any one National Water-way of India.
OR
Write any one inland Water-way of India.

Ans – The Ganga river between Allahabad and Haldia (1620 km)

Q25. What is meaning of Communication ?

Ans – The process by which information is exchanged between individuals through a common system is called Communication.

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