In CBSE, Class 9 Economics Chapter 3 comes with Poverty as a Challange. This post will give you Notes of Class 9 Economics Chapter 3. Here you read every basic point of NCERT Chapter 3 Poverty as a Challange.
Class 9 Economics Chapter 3 Notes
During Exam time we don’t have much time for reading every chapter in details so we need short summary of every chapter that is known as notes. Here you got Chapter 3 Poverty as a Challenge class 9 notes of NCERT.
Let’s Start
Poverty: It is a state when we do not have money to fulfill our basic needs like food and shelter.
Cause of Poverty: There are the following reasons for poverty.
- Landlessness – A situation when we don’t have any piece of land
- Unemployment – A Situation when are unable to find work
- Size of Families – A situation when a Big family have big demands
- Illiteracy – A situation when we do not have knowledge of reading something and understand them
- Poor Health / Malnutrition – A situation when we do not have food for surviving.
- Child labour – A Situation where Little children works for earn money and left the study for food.
- Helplessness – A Situation when no one helps poor people.
Poverty Seen by Social Scientists: Now poverty is looked through other social indicators like illiteracy level, lack of general resistance due to malnutrition, lack of access to healthcare, lack of job opportunities, lack of safe drinking water, sanitation etc.
Poverty Line: Poverty is based on income or consumption levels. A Person is considered poor if his or her income or consumption level falls below a given minimum level necessary to fulfill basic needs. The poverty line may vary with time and place.
>> The accepted average calorie requirements in India is 2400 calorie per person per day in rural areas and 2100 calorie per person per day in urban areas.
>> The poverty line is is estimated by conduction surveys. These surveys are conducted by the National Sample Survey Organisation ( NSSO ).
Inter-State Disparities: The Proportion of Poverty is not the same in every state. Bihar and Orissa are two poorest states in India. Urban poverty is high in Orissa, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, and Uttar Pradesh. States like Haryana and Punjab succeeded in reducing poverty with the help of agricultural activities.
Global Poverty Scenario: Poverty has been reduced in China and Southeast Asian countries. The number of poor in China has come down from 88.3% in 1981 to 1.9% in 2013. India Declined Poverty from 54% in 1981 to 17% in 2013. According to the International poverty line, A person is considered poor if his or her income falls below $1.90 in a day.
Cause of Poverty: There are the following reasons for poverty in India.
- One historical reason is Low-level of Economic Development under the British Colonial administration.
- Industries are not able to absorb all job seekers.
- Huge income inequalities among people.
Anti- Poverty Measures: The current anti Poverty measures of the Government is based on two Planks.
- Promotion of Economic Growth
- Targeted anti-poverty Programmes
There is a strong link between Economic Growth and anti-poverty reduction.
Anti Poverty Programmes: Our Indian Government Started many schemes for reducing poverty in India. Here are some names of Schemes launched by the Government.
- Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act 2005. ( MNREGA )
- Prime Minister Rozgar Yozana ( PMRY )
- Rural Employment Generation Programme ( REGP )
- Swaranjayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana ( SGSY )
- Pradhan Mantri Gramodaya Yozana ( PMGY )
- Antyodaya Anna Yozana ( AAY )