HBSE Class 9 History Important Question With Answer 2025 Pdf – Our Bharat IV

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HBSE Class 9 History Important Question Answer for 2025 

HBSE Class 9 History Chapter 1 Social and Cultural Renaissance of India Question Answer 2025

Q1. Discuss the purification movement of Arya Samaj.

Answer – The Arya Samajists started the ‘Purification Movement’ while emphasizing the superiority of Hinduism. The purpose of which was ‘to bring people who had gone from Hinduism to other religions back to Hinduism’. Due to this movement the conversion stopped.

Q2. Discuss the efforts of Narayan Guru and Dr. Ambedkar to uplift the untouchables.

Answer – Narayan Guru made many efforts for the upliftment of the deprived untouchables and called upon all people to get good education so that everyone can get equal opportunities. He called for one religion, one caste and one God for mankind.

Dr. Ambedkar continued to struggle for the upliftment of the underprivileged throughout his life. He made the following efforts for the underprivileged of the untouchables.

  • Banning untouchability under Article 17 of the Constitution.
  • He opposed the prevalent varna system, untouchability, discrimination on the basis of gender and caste in India.
  • He did satyagraha at Mahad place in Maharashtra to give Dalits the right to drink and use water from the public Chavdar pond.
  • His whole life was spent fighting against injustice, discrimination and exploitation.

Q3. What was the impact of Swami Vivekananda’s thoughts on the youth?

Answer – Swami Vivekananda believed that youth has infinite energy and if it gets the right direction, the nation can expand and develop. He gave five principles of character building to the youth – self-confidence, self-reliance, self-knowledge, self-restraint and self-sacrifice. He inspired the youth for national interest by instilling a sense of pride in Indian civilization and culture. Addressing the youth, he said that “Arise, awake and do not stop till the goal is achieved.”

Q4. Discuss the contribution of Prarthana Samaj.

Answer – In 1867 AD, influenced by Brahmo Samaj, Atmaram Pandurang established ‘Prarthana Samaj’. The objective of Prarthana Samaj was to improve the condition of the untouchables, the downtrodden and the oppressed and to oppose the caste system and conservatism. Prarthana Samaj also supported inter-caste marriage, widow remarriage, women’s education. Ranade founded the ‘Widow Remarriage Association’ in Maharashtra. It was due to his efforts that the ‘Dakkan Educational Society’ was established and his disciple Gopal Krishna Gokhale established the ‘Servant of India Society’. Prarthana Samaj has an important contribution in the history of Indian Renaissance.

Q5. What did Swami Dayanand plan to do to establish unity?

Answer –  Swami Dayanand planned to do three things to establish unity.

  1. In the Haridwar Kumbh Mela, keep religious thoughts based on the Vedas among the monks so that differences can be removed and unity can be established.
  2. To organize scholars by deciding truth and falsehood through debate so that truth can be accepted and untruth can be renounced.
  3. In 1877 AD, at the time of Delhi Durbar, social reformers should be invited and social reform should be done by making an agreed program.

Q6. What was the practice of Sati?

Answer –  Sati Pratha was such a practice in which the wife used to kill herself after the death of her husband by burning in his funeral pyre.

Q7. What was the contribution of Dr. Keshavram Hedgewar in the Non-Cooperation Movement?

Answer –  Dr. Keshavram Hedgewar was not happy with the support of the ‘Khilafat Movement’ by the Congress. Being associated with the Congress despite the differences, when the Congress announced the ‘Non-Cooperation Movement’, he jumped into the movement and was sentenced to one year’s rigorous imprisonment.

Q8. Describe the salient features of the Hindu Code Bill?

Answer –  After independence, while holding the post of Law Minister, Ambedkar prepared the Hindu Code Bill, the main points of this bill were the following –

  1. inter caste marriage allowed
  2. Hindu women have full property rights
  3. equal right of daughter on father’s property
  4. Divorce rules.

Q9. Discuss the role of Dr. Ambedkar in the making of the Constitution in detail.

Answer – Dr. Ambedkar has the credit of being the ‘creator of the Indian Constitution’. After 2 years, 11 months and 18 days of hard work, on 26 November 1949, the draft of the Constitution of India was prepared. This constitution was implemented on 26 January 1950 AD. In the new constitution, he made many such arrangements, so that the interests of the lower classes, women and backward classes could be protected.

HBSE Class 9 History Chapter 2 Elements of National Awakening Question Answer 2025

Q1. What was the impact of the exploitative policies of the British on India and Indians?

Answer – The exploitative policies of the British had the following effects on India and Indians

  • The British implemented very strict land revenue policies to collect land tax, which greatly impoverished various classes dependent on agriculture.
  • With the advent of the Industrial Revolution, raw material exports and finished goods imports started from India. Due to which India’s handicrafts and small industries were destroyed and Indian traders had to suffer a lot.
  • A large amount of money from India continued to go to England, due to which there was a shortage of money in India and India came into poverty.

Q2. Describe the great revolution of 1857.

Answer – Against British exploitation and undue interference in Indian civilization and culture, a restlessness and dissatisfaction arose in every section of every region of India, which culminated in the great revolution of 1857 AD. Indian kings, subjects, merchants, handicraftsmen, farmers, landlords, men and women, Hindus and Muslims etc. made a united effort to overthrow the exploitative foreign rule. Thousands of Indians were sacrificed. The British were successful in suppressing this nationwide struggle with their modern weapons, but the heroic stories of this revolution always awakened the spirit of sacrifice and bravery in Indians.

Q3. For what interests did the British start English education in India? How did the Indians take advantage of this education?

Answer – The purpose of the British government behind the implementation of English education was to have cheap clerks, loyal class and maximum consumption of English goods. It happened in the beginning but soon a new Indian intellectual class emerged in India after studying English. Taking advantage of western education, Indians attracted this class towards independence and self-government by taking inspiration from western literature such as French revolution of 1789 AD, unification of Italy and Germany and independence struggle of Ireland.

Q4. How was the feeling of self-respect and self-respect born in Indians through the glorious history of India?

Answer – Foreign scholars researched ancient Indian history and put the ancient glorious cultural and historical heritage of India in front of the world. The reading of Brahmi script by James Prinsep gave information about Maurya emperors like Ashoka the Great, while Cunningham’s archaeological excavations revealed the great ancient heritage of India. This historical heritage was not less than the civilizations of Greece and Rome in any way. Many foreign scholars praised the Vedas and Upanishads, due to which a sense of self-respect and self-respect was born in Indians in place of self-pity.

Q5. How did the British treat the Indians?

Answer – The British used to hate them considering themselves to be of high caste and Indians to be of low and inferior caste. They used to call Indians by names like Habshi, Kala Babu etc. and used to misbehave with them. On the basis of the policy of racial discrimination, many types of misbehavior were done with Indians.

Q6. What is ‘Neel Darpan’?

Answer – Bengali playwright Deenbandhu Mitra’s play ‘Neel Darpan’ published in 1860 AD is an important work. In this play, there has been a very emotional expression of the inhuman atrocities committed by the British on the farmers of Bengal.

Q7. Describe the repressive policies of Lord Lytton.

Answer –

  • In 1876 I.C.S. Lowering the age for appearing in the entrance examination to 19 years.
  • In 1877 AD, at the time of famine across the country, organizing a magnificent royal court in Delhi.
  • By passing the Arms Act in 1878, banning the possession of arms by Indians.
  • By passing the Vernacular Press Act in 1878 on newspapers, banning news published in Indian languages.

HBSE Class 9 History Chapter 3 Moderates and Nationalists (From 1857 to 1919 AD) Question Answer 2025

Q1. Who were the Moderates? What were their main demands ? Most Important

Ans – Moderates were those who supported the British rule. Their aim was to achieve self-rule under the British rule. Moderates wanted that the number of members in the Legislative Councils should be increased, their rights should be increased and the members of the councils should be elected by the people. Indians should also be appointed in higher administrative services.

The main demands of the Moderates were as follows:

  • The number of members of the Legislative Councils should be increased.
  • Indians should be appointed in the administrative service.
  • The army expenses should be reduced.
  • General and technical education should be expanded.
  • More Indians should be appointed to higher posts.
  • The judiciary should be separated from the executive.
  • The burden of taxes on farmers should be reduced.
  • Protection of civil rights should be ensured.
  • The tax on salt should be reduced.
  • The restrictions imposed on the press should be removed.

 

Q2. What were the main differences between liberals and nationalists?

Answer –

moderate nationalist
  • Their aim was to achieve self-government under the British rule.
  • The liberals wanted that the number of their members in the Legislative Councils should be increased.
  • The moderate people kept their demands before the government with full softness and generosity.
  • The moderate leaders were in favor of peaceful and constitutional means.
  • Their aim was to uproot the British rule from India.
  • The nationalists wanted their own rights in the Legislative Council.
  • Nationalist people used to oppose the government and forced their demands to be accepted.
  • The nationalist leaders wanted the independence of the country without the flow of any law.

Q3. What was the objective of the British behind dividing Bengal?
OR
What were the two main objectives of the British behind dividing Bengal ?

Answer – The British government gave the reason for the partition of Bengal that Bengal is a very large province and it is very difficult to run its administration smoothly, but in reality the British government wanted to weaken the national unity and nationalist movement in India. The purpose of this partition was to destroy Hindu-Muslim unity.

Q4. Consider the importance of the Swadeshi and Boycott movements.

Answer – Swadeshi and boycott movement has great importance in Indian history, which is described as follows: –

  • With this movement, the feeling of nationalism and patriotism started increasing among the Indians.
  • Due to this movement, the prevalence of indigenous goods increased a lot among the people.
  • This led to immense development of Indian industries. As a result of this movement, textile mills, soap and match factories were set up in different parts of the country.
  • The Swadeshi and boycott movements made a special impact on literature. At that time, many poems, prose, songs etc. were composed filled with national ideas.
  • Indian women also participated in this movement for the first time. He participated in processions and dharnas at many places.
  • The Swadeshi and boycott movement organized people against the partition of Bengal and the British government was forced to cancel the partition of Bengal in 1911 AD.

Q5. What was the Home Rule Movement? 

Answer – During the First World War, many Indian leaders understood that it was necessary to create public pressure on the British government to get their rights, so a real mass movement was necessary. In such a way, in 1915 AD – 1916 AD, a new type of movement started in India which is called ‘Home Rule Movement’. Its main leaders were Mrs. Annie Besant and Bal Gangadhar Tilak.

 

Q6. Who were the main leaders of the liberals?

Answer – The main leaders of liberals were Dadabhai Naoroji, Vyomesh Chandra Banerjee, Badruddin Tyabji, Gopal Krishna Gokhale, Mahadev Govind Ranade, Surendranath Banerjee, Firozshah Mehta, Romesh Chandra Dutt, Subramaniam Iyer and Sisir Kumar Ghosh.

Q7. Describe the contribution of Lala Lajpat Rai to Indian independence.

Answer – Lala Lajpat Rai was also a great nationalist leader who was given the title of ‘Sher-e-Punjab’ (Punjab Kesari). He published an Urdu daily named ‘Vande Mataram’ and an English weekly named ‘The People’. Through these newspapers and other articles, he inspired people to make sacrifices for the protection of the motherland. He continued to participate in India’s national movement till his death in 1928 AD, meanwhile he had to go to jail as well. He played an important role in the ‘Home Rule Movement’ and the farmers’ movement.

Q8. What was the role of Lokmanya Tilak in Indian independence.

Answer – Lokmanya Tilak started newspapers named ‘Maratha’ in English language and ‘Kesari’ in Marathi language. Through these newspapers, he strongly condemned the foreign rule and vigorously propagated ‘Swaraj’. In 1893 AD, he started making ‘Ganapati festival’ a medium to propagate nationalist ideas among the people. In 1895 AD, he also started the ‘Shivaji Samaroh’ so that the youth became enthusiastic supporters of nationalism by taking inspiration from the great achievements of Shivaji. In 1896 AD, in the event of famine in 1897 AD, Tilak started a ‘campaign not to pay land tax’ by the farmers of Maharashtra. Announcing Swaraj, he said that “Swaraj is my birthright and I will have it.”

HBSE Class 9 History Chapter 4 Indian Revolutionary Movement (From 1857 to 1918 AD) Question Answer 2025

Q1. Discuss the origin of the Indian revolutionary movement.

Answer – The revolutionary movement originated in India in the second half of the nineteenth century as a result of the rise of national political consciousness. There were several reasons for the origin of the revolutionary movement in India:

  • Inspiration by social reform movements.
  • Inspiration from the revolution of 1857 AD.
  • Reaction against the economic exploitation and exploitation of India by the British Government.
  • Reaction against the ill-treatment of Indians by the British.
  • Inspiration from national newspapers and literature.
  • Inspiration from the ideology of Lal, Bal, Pal and Arvind Ghosh.
  • Impact of international events.

Q2. What were the main objectives of the revolutionaries?  Most Important
OR
What were the two main motives of the Indian Revolutionaries?

Answer –

  • Attaining complete independence by ending the existence of the British Government in India.
  • To awaken national consciousness among the youth.
  • revolution by using armed force.
  • Organizing youth.
  • Establishment of revolutionary institutions in India.
  • Establishment of democracy.
  • Establishment of national cultural values.
  • To change the system

Q3. Discuss in detail the Gadar movement.

AnswerIn the beginning of the nineteenth century, many Indians from India went to countries like America, Burma, Singapore, Hong Kong, Canada etc. in search of means of earning money and livelihood, but being Indian, they were treated humiliatingly in foreign countries as well. Therefore, having experienced the suffering of his countrymen, he decided that he would try to free India from the clutches of the British by staying here abroad. That’s why he decided to start a revolutionary movement. First of all, on April 21, 1913, by organizing the Indians of America and Canada, a ‘Hindustani Association’ (Hindi Pacific Association) was formed which was called Gadar Party. The main leaders of Gadar Party were Sohan Singh Bhakna, Lala Hardayal, Bhai Kesar Singh, Pandit Kanshi Ram, Bhai Parmanand, Muhammad Barkatullah, Kartar Singh Sarabha. The main objective of this party was the struggle for the independence of India. The headquarters of this party was opened at a place called Yugantar Ashram in San Francisco, USA. In November 1913 AD, a weekly newspaper named ‘Gadar’ was brought out which started being published in different languages ​​like Hindi, Marathi, English, Urdu etc. In this newspaper, the real picture of the British rule was presented to the Indians and at the same time the youth were called upon to join the revolutionary activities. This letter was sent free of cost to many countries of the world. Thousands of members of this party reached India by ships to liberate India. These people spread all over Punjab and started doing secret work against the British Empire. In March 1914, orders were given to arrest Lala Hardayal. So he left America and went to Switzerland. After that Bhagwan Singh, Kartar Singh Sarabha,

Q4. Discuss the Kamagata Maru incident.

Answer– With the aim of bringing armed revolution in India, the members of Gadar Party sent the revolutionaries to India in a ship named Tosamaru with German weapons, but the British Government in India was already informed about this. Therefore, on reaching India, all the persons were made prisoners and given death sentence. At the same time, the Government of Canada had imposed many unfair restrictions on Indians. Therefore, for the cooperation of these Indians, Baba Gurditt Singh, a wealthy Indian from Singapore, left for Canada with 350 Indians on the Kamagata Maru ship. May 23, 1914 AD When this ship reached the Canadian port of Vancouver, the Canadian government allowed only 24 people to land there. There were 340 Sikhs as well as Hindus and Muslims in the ship. Everyone was forced back into the ship. After that this ship left for India with all the people. The British Government in India had already come to know about this. When this ship reached Calcutta (Bajbuj Ghat), here also the British government did not allow them to disembark and tried to forcefully send the passengers to Punjab. Some passengers tried to enter Calcutta by force, then the government opened fire on those innocent passengers. This incident happened on September 27, 1914 AD. In this, 19 people died on the spot. This incident is called the Kamagata Maru incident. happened to In this, 19 people died on the spot. This incident is called the Kamagata Maru incident. happened to In this, 19 people died on the spot. This incident is called the Kamagata Maru incident.

Q5. What were the main works of Vinayak Damodar Savarkar?

Answer – The following are the main works of Vinayak Damodar Savarkar-

  • The Indian War of Independence
  • Hindu national philosophy
  • letters from andaman
  • hindu post padshahi
  • Essentials of Hinduism
  • dedication to martyrs

Q6. How was the punishment of black water?

Answer – The sentence of Andaman’s Cellular Jail was also called the punishment of black water. Political prisoners in this prison were treated worse than dacoits and murderers. The prisoners were kept in separate cells. Even the slightest doubt was punished by wearing handcuffs and standing with hands raised. A crusher was used to extract 30 pounds of oil per day. Those who extract less oil were beaten up. Drinking water was also very difficult to get.

Q7. Describe the Kuka movement in detail.

AnswerWas. Gathering together collectively and making a loud noise for a specific purpose is called a kook. The Namdharis used to sing in a high-pitched voice (kook), hence their movement was named as the Kuka movement. This movement started under the leadership of Ram Singh Kuka, a disciple of a Udasi fakir named Balak Singh, for the establishment of an ideal political regime. , After the death of Balak Singh, Baba Ram Singh took charge and established his headquarters at Bhaini Sahib (Ludhiana). When Baba Ram Singh saw the Sikhs being defeated and humiliated at the hands of the British, he started efforts to drive out the British. Baba Ram Singh appointed his subedars and naib subedars in different districts of Punjab. He established a private para-military institution to give military training to youths. The followers of the Kuka or Namdhari movement had great regard for cows. He asked the government Constantly demanded a strict ban on murder, but the government did not pay any attention to it. In 1872 AD, the Kukas were informed that cows were being slaughtered in the Muslim state of Malerkotla, so a group of them raided Malerkotla. The British government considered Ram Singh and his followers responsible for this disturbance and sent them to Rangoon (presently Myanmar) after making them captive. He remained imprisoned till his death. Ram Singh Kuka tried to uproot the British imperialism. Namdhari Kukas had first used it as a national weapon by promoting indigenous goods and boycotting foreign goods by wearing indigenous clothes, especially thick or khar. When the Kukas were informed that cows were being slaughtered in the Muslim state of Malerkotla, a group of them raided Malerkotla. The British government considered Ram Singh and his followers responsible for this disturbance and sent them to Rangoon (presently Myanmar) after making them captive. He remained imprisoned till his death. Ram Singh Kuka tried to uproot the British imperialism. Namdhari Kukas had first used it as a national weapon by promoting indigenous goods and boycotting foreign goods by wearing indigenous clothes, especially thick or khar. When the Kukas were informed that cows were being slaughtered in the Muslim state of Malerkotla, a group of them raided Malerkotla. The British government considered Ram Singh and his followers responsible for this disturbance and sent them to Rangoon (presently Myanmar) after making them captive. He remained imprisoned till his death. Ram Singh Kuka tried to uproot the British imperialism. Namdhari Kukas had first used it as a national weapon by promoting indigenous goods and boycotting foreign goods by wearing indigenous clothes, especially thick or khar.

Q8. What was the ‘Alipore Conspiracy Case’?

Answer – In 1960 AD, Khudiram Bose and Prafulla Chaki threw a bomb on the coach of Muzaffarpur Judge Kingsford with the aim of killing him. Chaki committed suicide and Khudiram Bose was executed. The British seized the bomb making factory of the revolutionaries and many revolutionaries were prosecuted. This case is called the Alipore Conspiracy Case.

HBSE Class 9 History Chapter 5 Indian Revolutionary Movement (From 1919 to 1947 AD) Question Answer 2025

Q1. Discuss in detail the incident of Kakori. What was the result of this?

AnswerFirst of all the revolutionaries of North India started getting organized. Their leaders were Ram Prasad Bismil, Yogesh Chandra Chatterjee, Shachindranath Sanyal and Suresh Chandra Bhattacharya. In October 1924 AD, a conference of these revolutionaries was held in Kanpur in which Hindustan Prajatantra Sangh was formed. Its objective was to overthrow the colonial power through armed revolution and to establish a federal republic ‘United States of India’. They needed money to wage the struggle, to propagate, to recruit youth, to train and to collect arms. For this purpose, 10 persons of this organization held a meeting in Shahjahanpur under the leadership of Pandit Ram Prasad Bismil and planned to loot the treasury of the English government. August 9, 1925 AD Stopped the 8-down Saharanpur-Lucknow passenger train leaving the railway station of village Kakori in Lucknow district by pulling the chain and looted the treasury of the British Government. The government was very angry with this incident and a large number of youths were arrested. He was put on trial. Pandit Ram Prasad Bismil, Roshan Singh, Rajendra Lahri and Ashfaqullah Khan were sentenced to death. Four were sent to Andaman after giving life imprisonment. 17 others were given long sentences. Chandrashekhar Azad could not be caught till the end.

Q2. Discussing in detail the movement of the Royal Navy, state its importance.

AnswerWhen the British Government announced the prosecution of some officers of the ‘Azad Hind Fauj’ for breaking the oath of loyalty to the British rule and for treachery, the wave of nationalist protest spread across the country. Huge demonstrations took place all over the country. The movement of ‘Azad Hind Fauj’ had an impact on the national movement and also on the army. In the year 1946, unrest started spreading in the army. The spontaneous beginning of this movement took place on February 18, 1946 AD on the Naval Signals Training Ship ‘I. N. S. The sword happened. British commanding officers resorted to racial insults and retaliation when sailors complained of poor food. They directly used to behave disrespectfully with the Indian soldiers. The reply of the British officials was “Beggars cannot be free to choose.” The sailors went on a hunger strike. Fort Barracks and 22 ships in Bombay Port were spread. Although it started in Bombay, but it got full support from Karachi to Calcutta all over British India. Revolutionary sailors removed the Union Jack flags from the ship and hoisted the tricolor there. Altogether 78 ships, 20 land bases and 20,000 sailors took part in it. In January 1946, the airmen also started a strike in Bombay. His demands were that the discrimination between the British and Indians in the Air Force should be removed. Their slogans were ‘Jai Hind’, ‘Long live Inquilab’, ‘Down with British imperialism’, ‘Down with British imperialism’. In fact, the British took the decision to leave India only because of the resentment generated in the army after the struggle of the Azad Hind Army and the movement of the Navy. 20 land bases and 20,000 sailors participated in it. In January 1946, the airmen also started a strike in Bombay. His demands were that the discrimination between the British and Indians in the Air Force should be removed. Their slogans were ‘Jai Hind’, ‘Long live Inquilab’, ‘Down with British imperialism’, ‘Down with British imperialism’. In fact, the British took the decision to leave India only because of the resentment generated in the army after the struggle of the Azad Hind Army and the movement of the Navy. 20 land bases and 20,000 sailors participated in it. In January 1946, the airmen also started a strike in Bombay. His demands were that the discrimination between the British and Indians in the Air Force should be removed. Their slogans were ‘Jai Hind’, ‘Long live Inquilab’, ‘Down with British imperialism’, ‘Down with British imperialism’. In fact, the British took the decision to leave India only because of the resentment generated in the army after the struggle of the Azad Hind Army and the movement of the Navy.

Q3. What is the Lahore Conspiracy Case? What was the result?

Answer– Bhagat Singh 1929 E. When there was a debate on “Public Meeting” and “Industrial Dispute Bill”, Bhagat Singh dropped two bombs from the audience gallery, which created a stir there. Bhagat Singh made no attempt to escape and was arrested. The judge sentenced Bhagat Singh to life imprisonment on June 12, 1929 AD. Meanwhile, the police got a clue about the bomb factories set up by the revolutionaries. So the police raided the bomb factories of Delhi, Saharanpur and Lahore. Many revolutionaries were caught. The case of Bhagat Singh’s involvement in the Saunders murder case started with Jai Gopal becoming a government witness. This is called the ‘Lahore Conspiracy Case’. After this, he was presented in the court of Lahore and a case was started against him. During the trial, these revolutionaries told the court about the policies of the revolutionary party, Told about the objectives and program. All these news started reaching people through newspapers. He started making frequent statements, which increased his popularity among the public. Those who till now used to condemn the revolutionaries, now started praising them.

Q4. What was the role of Bhagat Singh in India’s Independence ?

Ans – Bhagat Singh avenged the murder of Lala Lajpat Rai by killing an English police officer. After that Bhagat Singh reached Calcutta with Durga Bhabhi. There he learnt to make bombs and came back to his area and set up a bomb making factory. In 1929, when the “Public Assembly” and “Industrial Dispute Bill” were being debated, Bhagat Singh dropped two bombs from the audience gallery which created a stir. Bhagat Singh did not try to escape and was arrested. His name had reached every household in the country. Bhagat Singh was finally sentenced to death under many cases. Bhagat Singh sacrificed his life and turned the people against the English rule and also united them.

HBSE Class 9 History Chapter 6 Mahatma Gandhi and Indian Struggle of Independence Question Answer 2025

Q1. Throw light on the importance of non-cooperation movement. Most Important

Answer – Hindus, Muslims, educated and uneducated people, teachers and students, men and women participated in the non-cooperation movement. For the first time the national movement assumed the form of a nationwide movement. Now the fear of raising voice against the government and going to jail has ended. People got excited to take a direct fight with the government. Along with this, many new creative works were also done inside the country like establishment of national educational institutions and providing employment to the people. People got ready to make the biggest sacrifice for the country.

Q2. What was the Rowlatt Act? Or what was the black law?

Answer – According to the Rowlatt Act, the government could put any person in jail only on the basis of suspicion, and he did not have any right of lawyer, plea and appeal. There was a lot of anger among the people against the bill. People addressed it as ‘Black Law’.

Q3. Describe the Rowlatt Satyagraha.

Answer –In February 1919, two bills were introduced in the Central Legislative Assembly. Through these bills, the bureaucracy was given unlimited powers to suppress revolutionary activities. Mahatma Gandhi requested the Viceroy not to pass these bills, but despite opposition, one of these bills was passed, which was named ‘Rowlatt Act’. Mahatma Gandhi on March 30, 1919. To protest against the Rowlatt Act and appealed for a nationwide strike. Later this date was changed to 6th April but in cities like Delhi there was strike on both the days. Gandhi ji wanted to go to those areas but before that he was taken prisoner at Palwal station. The news of Mahatma Gandhi being imprisoned spread like a fire in India. Clashes broke out between the police and the public in many cities. People demanded the release of their leaders by resorting to hartals and demonstrations, but the government opened fire on them to disperse the people. As a result of which many people were killed and injured.

Q4. Describe the Dandi March of Mahatma Gandhi.

Answer – Civil disobedience movement was started by Mahatma Gandhi on March 12, 1930 with Dandi march. Initially 78 followers participated with Gandhiji but gradually hundreds of people extended their support to him along the way. After 24 days, on April 6, 1930, Mahatma Gandhi reached the beach of Dandi. There he violated the salt law by preparing salt from sea water.

Q5. What was the Salt Satyagraha? Discuss in detail.

Answer – Civil disobedience movement was started by Mahatma Gandhi on March 12, 1930 with Dandi march. Initially 78 followers participated with Gandhiji but gradually hundreds of people extended their support to him along the way. After 24 days, on April 6, 1930, Mahatma Gandhi reached the beach of Dandi. There he violated the salt law by preparing salt from sea water. This work of his was a symbol of the fact that civil disobedience movement should be started in the whole country. The civil disobedience movement soon spread across the country. At every possible place salt was made or other laws were flouted. Sarojini Naidu did ‘Salt Satyagraha’ in Dharasana and Chakravarti Rajagopalacharya in Vedaranyam.

Q6. What was the Poona Pact? 

Answer – Separate elections were arranged for Muslims, Sikhs and Indian Christians in the Second Round Table Conference. The untouchables were given the right of separate election and representation considering them as separate from the Hindus. Three percent seats were reserved for women in provincial legislatures. Gandhiji opposed it as it was harmful to Indian unity. Gandhiji started a fast unto death in protest against this announcement, which created a stir in the whole country. Due to the efforts of some leaders, an agreement was reached between Gandhiji and Dr. Ambedkar, which is called “Poona Pact”.

Q7. Why did Mahatma Gandhi give the slogan of do or die and what was its impact on India?

Answer – The very next day after the resolution of the Quit India movement was passed, the main leaders of the Congress were taken prisoner. Gandhiji gave the slogan ‘Do or Die’ and said ‘There is one little mantra that I give you, that you can inscribe in your heart and express with every breath that mantra is ‘Do or Die’. ‘Either we will free India or we will die in the effort.’ Leaders like Jayaprakash Narayan, Aruna Asaf Ali and Ram Manohar Lohia conducted this movement by staying underground. Lawyers, teachers, businessmen, doctors, journalists, laborers, students and women participated in this nationwide movement. Meetings were held in different cities and processions were taken out. People answered violence with violence. Many government buildings and police stations were burnt, telegraph lines were cut.

Q8. What was Gandhi Jinnah Talks? What was the result of this?

Answer – Gandhiji was released from jail in May 1944 after the Quit India Movement. After that, Gandhiji held several rounds of talks between September 9 and September 27, 1944 AD to avoid partition and to persuade Mohammad Ali Jinnah. In this Gandhi-Jinnah talk, Gandhiji kept on addressing ‘Kayde Azam’ for Jinnah, which made Jinnah more arrogant. Jinnah declared August 16, 1946 as ‘Direct Action Day’ to persuade the demand of Pakistan. Due to which there were riots in Bengal, Bihar and Bombay, in which 5 thousand people were killed and 15 thousand people were injured.

Q9. Why did Gandhi choose Nehru instead of Patel? Most Important

Answer – Most of the Congress Working Committees of many provinces had suggested the name of Sardar Patel for the post of Congress President. Gandhi ji thought that Nehru could do better transactions than the British at the time of independence and people knew him even outside the country. He will never accept the second position. That is why Gandhi chose Nehru instead of Patel.

Q10. Why did Gandhiji want to end the Congress?

Ans – Hurt by the corruption prevalent in the Congress after independence, Gandhiji called a conference of the main representatives of organizations like All India Spinner Association, Harijan Sevak Sangh, Gram Udyog Sangh, Gau Seva Sangh and Nai Talimi Sangh and after the conference the Congress Due to the fulfillment of the purpose, it was planned to abolish the Congress and to form a civil service union in its place.

Q11. Explain the origin and spread of the Quit India Movement.

Ans – The main reason for starting the Quit India Movement was the failure of the Cripps Mission and the growing power of Japan. The British government’s policy of giving Swaraj to Indians was not clear in the suggestions of the Cripps Mission. The British government was worried about the growing power of Japan because it could not face it without the cooperation of the Indians. On the other hand, the Indians thought that they should face Japan themselves, so they wanted to get freedom from British rule before Japan’s attack. They passed the proposal of ‘Quit India Movement’. Gandhiji gave the slogan ‘British Quit India’ to remove the feeling of inactivity from the public. Fed up with the behavior of the British government, the Congress passed the proposal of Quit India Movement in the Bombay session on 8 August 1942. According to this, it was demanded that the British should immediately leave India unconditionally. The very next day after the proposal of Quit India Movement was passed, the main leaders of the Congress like Gandhiji, Jawaharlal Nehru, Sardar Patel, Abul Kalam Azad, Rajendra Prasad, Pattabhi Sitaramayya etc. were arrested. This news aroused the feeling of anger among Indians. People of Mumbai, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Bengal, Assam and North-Western Frontier Provinces were ready to overthrow the British rule. The British government resorted to the policy of repression to crush the movement. The government fired bullets and lathicharged the peaceful processions. More than one lakh men and women were arrested. Heavy fines were imposed on the protesters, anarchy and unrest spread all over the country.

HBSE Class 9 History Chapter 7 Role of Indian National Army and Netaji Question Answer 2025

Q1. What was the main difference between the thoughts of Gandhiji and Netaji? Most Important

Answer – The views of Gandhiji and Netaji did not match each other. Gandhi ji deeply believed in the sanctity of both the means and the end, while Netaji was in favor of adopting any means for the end. Apart from this, Mahatma Gandhi could not give a clear answer to the questions of Swaraj asked by Netaji to Mahatma Gandhi, due to which there was an ideological difference between them.

Q2. Write a note on the formation of Azad Hind Fauj.

Answer– In February 1942 AD, when the English army laid down arms in front of the Japanese army in Singapore, Netaji started planning to go to Asia and he reached South-East Asia after a 90-day submarine journey. ‘Ras Bihari Bose’ was living a self-exiled life for a long time. He made efforts for India’s independence in South-East Asia by forming the Indian Independence League. Apart from them, Pritam Singh, Baba Amar Singh and Baba Usman Khan were also awakening the light of freedom in Burma, Thailand and Shanghai respectively. With the efforts of all of them and the cooperation of Captain Mohan Singh, ‘Azad Hind Fauj’ It was formed but soon it disintegrated due to differences between Mohan Singh and the Japanese officers. Netaji wanted to recruit three lakh soldiers in Azad Hind Fauj. Money was needed for this. Habibur Rahman, an industrialist from Rangoon, gave an aid of one crore rupees. A Gujarati lady Mrs. Batai Devi placed property worth three crores at the feet of Netaji. ‘Azad Hind Bank’ was established in Rangoon. Overseas Indians gave money to Netaji by selling their jewelry. Netaji opened army offices in Singapore, Malaya, Java, Sumatra, Burma to recruit more and more soldiers.

Q3. What were the three questions asked by Netaji to Mahatma Gandhi?

Answer –

  1. How to stop payment of taxes from Congress programs?
  2. How will the British leave India from the non-cooperation movement?
  3. How will Gandhiji fulfill the promise of Swaraj in one year?

Q4. What was the contribution of Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose and Azad Hind Fauj in the Indian independence movement? Most Important

Answer – While organizing ‘Azad Hind Fauj’, Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose called for India’s independence that “You give me blood, I will give you freedom.” Following are the contributions of Azad Hind Fauj and Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose :-

  • To inspire the youth.
  • By opposing the non-violent policy, the national movement was made militant and struggling through the Azad Hind Fauj.
  • Through struggle and war, the national sentiment was raised to the highest level.
  • Subhash Chandra Bose created communal unity and harmony by recruiting Hindus, Muslims and Sikhs equally in the army.
  • Overseas Indians contributed to the independence of the country by supporting the army with body, mind and wealth.
  • The struggle of Mumbai Navy in 1946 AD was also the result of inspiration taken from Bose’s Azad Hind Fauj. • Forced the British to leave India.
  • Women gave jewellery, Batai Devi donated property, Lakshmi Swaminathan led the regiment. Thousands of women were active on the war fronts, which led to the participation of women in the fighting movement.

HBSE Class 9 History Chapter 8 Partition of India, Integration of Princely States and Rehabilitation of the Displaced Question Answer 2025

Q1. What were the reasons for the partition of India? Most Important
OR
Discuss the main reasons for the partition of India in detail.

Answer – The partition of India took place due to the following reasons: –

1. The British policy of ‘Divide and Rule’ – To maintain their hold in India, the British adopted the policy of ‘Divide and Rule’. After the freedom struggle of 1857 AD, the British in India started taking the side of Muslims and promoting communalism. He made every possible effort to create mutual division between Hindus and Muslims. As a result of this policy, India was partitioned in 1947 AD.

2. Communal Ideology of Muslim League – The main reason for the partition of India was the communal ideology of Muslim League. The Muslim League had made it clear in its objective that it would protect the interests of the Indian Muslims as a separate political entity. In 1939, when the Congress cabinet resigned in protest against the arbitrary policy of the British government, Jinnah asked the Muslims to celebrate ‘Liberation Day’. In 1940, the Muslim League started fighting for a separate independent state for Muslims by passing a resolution demanding a separate independent country of Pakistan. Due to which the partition took place.

3. Dogma of Jinnah – Mohammad Ali Jinnah was a very ambitious person, following his dogma, he kept chanting communalism in all the three round table conferences of London. He kept on opposing every proposal which did not have the support of Pakistan. He put pressure on Congress by getting riots and massacres done and succeeded in making Pakistan.

4. Appeasement policy of Congress – Muslim League adopted the policy of putting obstacles in the path of Congress. On the other hand, the Congress wanted the support of the Muslim League against the British Government. This encouraged communalism. Communal riots were breaking out in the country, behind which the Muslim League was behind. The Congress was now convinced that in order to maintain peace and order in the country, it was necessary to accept the partition of the country.

5. Direct action of Muslim League and communal riots – Muslim League was getting restless to build Pakistan and get power. He rejected the Cabinet Mission Plan and announced direct action on August 16, 1946 AD. On that day there were riots in Bengal especially in Calcutta. Here Muslims killed hundreds of Hindus and destroyed their property. Soon this fire of communal riots spread all over North India. In such a situation, the Congress agreed to accept the partition of the country to stop the bloodshed of innocent people.

Q2. Discuss the role of Sardar Patel in the integration of princely states.

Answer – On July 4, 1947, an appeal was made by Sardar Patel to the native rulers that for the collective interests of the country, the princely states should join the Indian Union on subjects related to security, foreign affairs and communication. After that, a letter related to the adjustment of the princely states was prepared. Sardar Patel and his secretary Menon met many rulers and appealed to them to sign the letter of accession. As a result of his efforts, most of the princely states joined the Indian Union before independence. After August 15, 1947, the independent government of India had to face the problems of Junagarh, Hyderabad and Kashmir only in relation to the princely states because the rulers of these princely states refused to join the Indian Union. Seeing the contribution of Sardar Patel, he was given the title of ‘Iron Man’.

Q3. How did the princely state of Junagadh merge with the Indian Union?

Answer – Junagarh was a major princely state situated in the south-west of Kathiawar. 80 percent of the total population of this princely state were Hindus and 20 percent were Muslims. The Nawab of Junagadh was a Muslim. Nawab of Junagadh announced to join Pakistan. This announcement of the Nawab was strongly opposed by the people there. The Nawab of Junagadh sent his armies to two neighboring princely states. Both these princely states had joined the Indian Union. The Indian government sent an army under the leadership of Brigadier Gurdial Singh to give a befitting reply. The Nawab appealed to Pakistan for help when the army led by Brigadier Gurdial Singh arrived. Seeing no hope of help, the Nawab along with his family and wealth left for Karachi by plane. On February 20, 1948, a plebiscite was conducted in Junagadh. In this plebiscite, 99 percent of the votes were in favor of joining the Indian Union. Thus Junagadh was included in the Indian Union.

Q4. How did the princely state of Hyderabad join the Indian Union?

Answer – Hyderabad was one of the biggest princely states of India. In 1947, Mir Osman Ali Khan Bahadur was the Nizam (ruler) of Hyderabad. In the princely state of Hyderabad, 85 percent of the population was of Hindus. The Nizam did not want to join any union. He rejected all the proposals of the Indian Union. The Nizam also rejected Lord Mountbatten’s demand to hold a plebiscite in Hyderabad. November 29, 1947 AD An agreement was reached between the independent government of India and the Nizam. According to this, both the Government of India and the Nizam promised to work in each other’s interests while behaving in a friendly manner, but the Nizam of Hyderabad could not stick to the terms of this agreement for a long time. He banned all precious metals going from Hyderabad to India by his decrees. At the same time, he also declared Indian coins illegal. In addition, the Nizam of Hyderabad increased the strength of the princely army without the approval of the Indian government. The Razakars started inciting the Muslims of Hyderabad. In the end, being forced, the Government of India decided to take military action against the Nizam of Hyderabad. On September 13, 1948, Major General J. N. The army was sent to Hyderabad under the leadership of Chaudhary. September 18, 1948 AD The Indian army entered Hyderabad and captured it. After that the Nizam announced to join the Indian Union.

Q5. Discuss the merger of the princely state of Kashmir with the Indian Union?

Answer – Kashmir was a large princely state located in the north of India. The ruler of this princely state, Maharaja Hari Singh was a Hindu. The majority of the population of the princely state was of Muslims. The borders of this princely state were with both India and Pakistan. That’s why both countries were willing to include it in their country, but the ruler of Kashmir did not want to join any country. To force the princely state of Kashmir to merge with it, the Government of Pakistan imposed an economic blockade of Kashmir. Pakistan stopped the supply of food grains, petrol and many other essential commodities to Kashmir. In the border areas, the tribals started creating disturbances. October 22, 1947 AD Pakistan got a tribal attack on Kashmir. The army of Jammu and Kashmir fought the tribesmen under the leadership of Colonel Narayan Singh. During the battle, some Muslim soldiers of the princely state also joined the tribesmen. As a result, the tribals captured many border areas of the princely state and stopped the electricity supply of Srinagar. In such circumstances, Maharaja Hari Singh of Kashmir appealed to the Government of India for military assistance on October 26, 1947 and accepted the inclusion of his princely state in the Indian Union.

Q6. Describe the problems of the displaced. 

Answer –

Problems of Displaced – Hindus and Sikhs who were displaced from Pakistan had to bear the most sorrows and troubles due to partition. The main problems of these displaced people who came to India were the following:

  1. The first problem was to provide accommodation for the displaced. Lakhs of Hindus and Sikhs left their villages, cities and homes and came to India. When he came to India, he had neither a house nor a roof under which he could live his life.
  2. The second major problem of the displaced was that of food, clothes and other essential items. The wealth and property of these people were also looted while coming to India from Pakistan. Now they did not even have money to buy food, clothes and other essential items.
  3. The third problem was that of land. The Sikh and Hindu landlords who came to India from Pakistan had to suffer heavy losses. When they came to India they did not have any land on which they could do farming whereas in Pakistan they had fertile agricultural land.
  4. The fourth problem was of employment and business. Most of the Hindu and Sikh displaced were living in the cities of Pakistan and they had a good business there. There were many rich moneylenders and traders among them. Many people had their own industries in Pakistan.
  5. The fifth problem of the displaced was to meet the separated loved ones. During the partition of India, the families of Hindu and Sikh migrants coming from Pakistan were scattered. In the chaotic environment of displacement many families lost their members. These people either died in riots or were forcibly converted to Islam.

Q7. Describe the problems of the displaced.

Answer –

  • Habitat .
  • Food, clothes and essentials.
  • arable land .
  • Business and Employment.
  • scattered families
  • Health

Q8. What were the main clauses of the Indian Independence Act, 1947 AD?

Answer –

In July 1947 AD, the ‘India Independence Act’ was passed in the British Parliament. The main sections of this act were the following:

  • On August 15, 1947, India and Pakistan will be made two new dominions.
  • The boundaries of these two dominions were fixed.
  • Each of the two dominions would have a Governor-General. If both the Dominions agree, the same person can be appointed as the Governor-General of both the Dominions.
  • It was decided that until the Constituent Assemblies of both the Dominions frame the constitution of their respective Dominions, all the powers of the Legislature would remain with the Assembly.
  • After August 15, 1947 AD, the British government will not have authority over any dominion.
  • The princely states were given the freedom to join either India or Pakistan, and if they wished, they could remain separate from both.

HBSE Class 9 History Chapter 9 Role of Haryana in the Indian National Movement Question Answer 2025

Q1. What was the role of Rao Tularam in the revolution of 1857 AD? Explain.

Answer – Rao Tularam was a far-sighted general. He got an idea of ​​the strength of Shawar’s army from this small collision of Pataudi. Rao Tularam vacated the fort on October 5, 1857, even before Shavars reached Rewari. Rao Tularam was the first such revolutionary who tried to go abroad for help but could only reach Afghanistan and died on September 23, 1863 in Kabul.

Q2. Consider the role of Rohnat village in the revolution of 1857 AD.

Answer – Village Rohnat is situated eight miles south of Hansi. British soldiers attacked Tosham with 800 horse riders and 4 cannons and after that Rohnat village was fiercely attacked by British army and soldiers of Bikaner, which the patriotic revolutionaries of the village fought strongly with weapons like jelly, ballam, gandas etc. The revolutionaries won in this. But in the last days of September, the hold of the British started getting stronger. The British attacked the village Rohnat with cannons. Many parts were burnt in which hundreds of revolutionaries were martyred. ‘Mangal Khan’ and ‘Bird Das Bairagi’ were gunned down and ‘Rupa Khati’ was killed. Other companions were taken to Hansi and crushed under a stone slab.

Q3. Discuss the contribution of Haryana in the Non-Cooperation Movement.

Answer– In 1920, a special session of the Congress was held in Calcutta under the chairmanship of Lala Lajpat Rai. In this, it was decided to run Gandhiji’s non-cooperation movement. Therefore, great national leaders like Lala Lajpat Rai, Lala Duni Chand, Lala Murlidhar, Ganpatrai etc. organized public meetings in different cities in Haryana. Under the non-cooperation movement, it was decided not to cooperate with the government in any way. As a result, hundreds of people of the state renounced their titles. Students stopped going to government schools and colleges. Lawyers gave up practice. Taxes were stopped by the farmers. Protests were started in various cities in front of liquor shops and shops selling foreign goods. Holi of foreign clothes was burnt and oath was taken to wear Khadi. In Haryana, the non-cooperation movement was going on with great success in villages and cities. This made the government nervous and it started arresting the agitators. Thousands of agitators were arrested from Haryana. Pandit Shriram Sharma of Jhajjar also actively participated in the non-cooperation movement. He inspired people not only to unite but also to boycott foreign cloth. Also actively participated in the non-cooperation movement. He inspired people not only to unite but also to boycott foreign cloth. Also actively participated in the non-cooperation movement. He inspired people not only to unite but also to boycott foreign cloth.

Q4. What was the role of Haryana in Bharat Naujawan Sabha?

Answer – This Naujawan Sabha established branches in different cities in Haryana. The people of this assembly used to exchange secret information of different fields and helped the revolutionary leaders in every way. Placing posters, transporting weapons from one place to another were the main tasks, but in 1930, the British declared this organization illegal and started arresting its members. Many leaders were put in jail. Gradually, this meeting kept getting weaker.

Q5. When and how did Haryana develop into a full-fledged state? Explain.

Answer – At the time of independence, Haryana was associated with the state of Punjab. Its economic and social interests were constantly being neglected, due to which the people here began to feel that their political, social and economic development could not happen by living in Punjab. As a result, a movement broke out for the creation of a separate province.

To strengthen the demand for a separate province, organizations like Arya Samaj, Hindu Mahasabha and Jana Sangh gathered and protested. Haryana Vikas Committee under the chairmanship of Pandit Shriram Sharma strongly put forward the demand for a separate province for Haryana. The Punjab government put many people in jails, but seeing the growing opposition, the demand for a separate province was accepted. Haryana emerged as a full-fledged state on November 1, 1966, according to a bill.

Q6. Discuss the contribution of Arun Asaf Ali to Indian independence.

Answer – Aruna Asaf Ali was born on July 16, 1908 in Kalka, Haryana. She was a strong patriotic woman. She actively participated in the Quit India Movement and led women not only in Haryana but all over India. She was the first woman to hoist the national flag at Gwalia Tank Maidan (Mumbai). She became an inspiration for women. He was also honored with ‘Bharat Ratna’ in 1994 AD. His name is taken with great respect in Haryana and all over India.

Q7. Discuss the contribution of Sucheta Kriplani to Indian independence.

Answer – Sucheta Kriplani was born on June 25, 1908 in Ambala. His contribution to the Indian National Movement was commendable. Leading women’s movements, using sticks and teaching them first aid was their important task. Along with this, he actively participated in all the movements. After independence, she became the first woman Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh in independent India.

Q8. Who was Chaudhary Chhoturam? Describe his contribution to the countrymen.

AnswerChaudhary Chhoturam was such a leader of Haryana, who dedicated his life to the service of poor farmers. He formed the ‘Unionist Party’ in 1923 AD by meeting Punjab leader Fazle Hussain. The aim of this party was to uplift the farmers and backward poor people. As far as independence was concerned, he also demanded Dominion status just like the Congress. The Congress had not yet expanded to the villages. Chaudhary Chhoturam and the Unionist Party raised the voice of the interests of poor farmers and backward people. The Unionist Party was victorious in almost all the elections to the Central Legislative Council and the Punjab Legislative Council held after 1923 AD. Chaudhary Chhoturam, being a minister in the Punjab government, got many laws passed for the benefit of farmers and tried to free them from the clutches of moneylenders and moneylenders. The laws passed by him are called ‘Golden Laws’. Also known as. He published and edited a newspaper called ‘Jat Gazette’ and also wrote a series of 17 articles under the titles ‘Thug Bazar Ki Sair’ and ‘Poor Farmer’. He created self-confidence by eradicating the inferiority complex prevailing among the farmers. The general public named him ‘Rahbar-e-Azam’, ‘Deenbandhu’ and ‘the messiah of the farmers’ etc.

 

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