Class 8 History BSEH Solution for chapter 2 Tradition of Sikh Gurus Question Answer for Haryana board. CCL Chapter Provide Class 1th to 12th all Subjects Solution With Notes, Question Answer, Summary and Important Questions. Class 8 History mcq, summary, Important Question Answer, Textual Question Answer are available of Our Bharat III Book for HBSE.
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HBSE Class 8 History Chapter 2 Tradition of Sikh Gurus Question Answer for Haryana Board of Our Bharat III Book Solution.
Tradition of Sikh Gurus Class 8 History Chapter 2 Question Answer
Let’s Recapitulate :
- Guru Nanak Dev was born in 1469 AD in a village called Talwandi (in present-day Pakistan).
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Guru Arjun Dev established the town of Tarn Taran between the Ravi and Beas rivers in 1590 AD.
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On December 11, 1675 AD, Guru Teghbahadur and his associates Matidas, Satidas and Bhai Dayala, were put to death by inhuman physical torture in Chandni Chowk, Delhi.
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Guru Gobind Singh founded the Khalsa in 1699 AD at Anandpur Sahib.
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The five beloved ones of Guru Gobind Singh were Dayaram Kshatriya (Lahore), Dharmdas Jat (Meerut), Mohkam Chand tailor (Dwarika), Sahib Chand Nai (Bidar) and Himmat Rai Kahar (Orissa).
6 Guru Gobind Singh killed the Mughal general Painda Khan in the first battle of Anandpur Sahib.
- Guru Gobind Singh and Banda Bahadur met in 1708 AD at a place called Nanded (Maharashtra).
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Baba Banda Singh Bahadur made Sehri Khanda his main centre in Sonipat, Haryana in 1708 AD.
Fill in the blanks:
- The langar system was established by ________.
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Manji-practice was established by Guru _______.
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Child Guru is called ______.
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Guru Hargobind was imprisoned in the fort of _______.
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Khalsa was founded by _______.
Ans – 1.Guru Nanak Dev, 2.Guru Amardas, 3. Guru Harkishan, 4.Gwalior, 5. Guru Gobind Singh
Match the following correctly :
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Ans –
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Let’s Consider :
Q1. Consider the contribution and sacrifice of Guru Teghbahadur in the defence of Hinduism.
Ans – After ascending the throne, Guru Teg Bahadur did a lot of work to protect and spread the religion. At this time Mughal ruler Aurangzeb was the ruler of Delhi. According to his orders, atrocities were being committed on all the Hindus across the country and temples were being demolished. Hearing Guruji’s devotion towards religion, Kashmiri Pandits came to meet him. He told Guruji how Hindus all over Kashmir were being forced to become Muslims and temples were being demolished and mosques were being built in their place. Seeing this threat to religion, Guruji decided to support the Pandits and he came to Delhi with the Pandits. On December 11, 1675, Guru Teg Bahadur was martyred along with Bhai Matidas, Bhai Satidas and Bhai Dayala at Chandni Chowk in Delhi. The place where he was beheaded is today ‘Gurudwara Shishganj Sahib’. Because of keeping the honor of Hindu religion, he was called ‘Hind ki Chadar’.
Q2. Consider the battles of Guru Gobind Singh against the Mughals and their consequences.
Ans – Battle of Nadaun and Guler – In 1690-91 AD, the hill kings refused to pay taxes to the Mughal government. On this, the Mughal army under the leadership of Alif Khan decided to punish the hill kings. There was a war between the Mughal army and the hill kings at a place called Nadaun. Govind Rai, along with Raja Bhimchand and other hill kings, defeated the Mughal army. But later the hill kings made a treaty with the Mughals, which disappointed Guru Govind Rai.
First Battle of Anandpur Sahib – In 1700 AD, ten thousand soldiers of Aurangzeb, along with Dina Beg and Painda Khan, reached Punjab for war. Here Guru Gobind Singh killed Bada Khan with a single arrow, due to which the Mughal army got scared and ran away from the field.
Battle of Nirmoh – In 1702 AD, the Mughal army under the leadership of Wazir Khan attacked the Sikhs. On the other hand, some hill kings who supported the Mughals also attacked. This war lasted for two days, at the end of which Guruji’s army was victorious and Wazir Khan fled the field along with his army.
Battle of Basoli – After the battle of Nirmoh, Guruji went with his army to Basoli in Himachal, where King Dharampal was his ally. When the Mughal army attacked here, Dharampal’s opponent Ajmer Chand supported the Mughal army. This war ended in a treaty, after which Guruji once again came to Anandpur Sahib.
Second Battle of Anandpur –After two years of peace, in 1704 AD, the Mughal army once again attacked Anandpur. This time the command of the war was in the hands of Sayyid Khan and Ramzan Khan. Once again they returned after being defeated by the Sikh heroes. To avenge this defeat, Aurangzeb sent Faujdar Wazir Khan and Zabardast Khan. The Mughals surrounded the fort. The Mughals’ strategy worked as the siege continued for eight months. The Mughals assured that if they vacated the fort, they would not be attacked. On December 21, 1704 AD, on the advice of Mata Gujri, Guruji decided to leave Anandpur.
Battle of Chamkaur Sahib –As soon as Guruji left Anandpur, the Mughals broke their promise of giving him safe passage and sent their army after him. When they crossed the Sarsa river and reached Chamkaur Sahib, only forty Sikhs were left with them. There were only forty Sikh warriors on one side and thousands of Mughals on the other, but that day’s war showed the world what the sons of Mother India are made of. After a whole day’s struggle only five Sikhs could survive.
Battle of Khidrana – Guru Gobind Singh left Chamkaur Sahib and moved towards Khidrana. On the way to Khidrana, about two thousand more Sikh soldiers joined Guruji’s army, but they were faced with ten thousand Mughal soldiers. Many Sikhs attained martyrdom in this war. Guruji reached Talwandi from Khidrana.
Q3. Consider the contribution of Banda Singh Bahadur in the defence of religion and the establishment of the empire.
Ans – Banda Singh Bahadur took revenge from the Mughals for the inhuman murder of the sons of Guru Gobind Singh. Guruji appointed Banda Singh Bahadur as the commander of the Sikhs to stop the atrocities on all non-Muslims by the Mughals. Guru Gobind Singh gave Banda Singh Bahadur five arrows and sent him towards Punjab with 25 Sikhs. He took advantage of the situation of anarchy created by the death of Aurangzeb and in 1709 AD camped at a place called Sehri Khanda near Sonipat in Haryana. Soon Banda Singh Bahadur united the scattered forces of the Sikhs. Many people had joined Banda Singh Bahadur. These were the people who were persecuted by the Mughals. Banda Singh Bahadur organized a huge army and started fighting against the Mughals. People from every class were included in this army. In the beginning, Banda Singh Bahadur fought many small battles and won. His first major battle is considered to be in the city of Samana in 1709 AD. After winning this battle, he appointed Bhai Fateh Singh as the governor of this place. After that he also easily conquered Ghudam, Thaska and Mustafabad. After this he turned towards Sadhaura but on the way he attacked the miscreant landlord Kadamuddin of Kapuri village, located four miles away from Sadhaura, and gave relief to the people there. After that Banda Singh Bahadur attacked the tyrannical Faujdar Usman Khan of Sadhaura. In the battle of Sadhaura, the general public, farmers, laborers etc. all together supported Banda. After a short struggle the Sikhs gained control of Sadhaura. After that Banda Singh Bahadur attacked Sirhind in 1710 AD. A terrible battle took place at a place called Chapar-Chiri between the army of Mughal Subedar Wazir Khan of Sirhind and the Sikh army of Banda Singh Bahadur. Banda Singh Bahadur won the war and the Sikhs captured Sirhind. To run the administration smoothly, Banda Singh Bahadur made Baj Singh the subedar of Sirhind, Fateh Singh of Samana and Vinod Singh and Ram Singh of Thanesar. He issued coins in the name of Guru Nanak and Guru Gobind Singh and also started a new era after the victory of Sirhind. He also issued a seal for issuing orders and decrees. Along with administrative work, Banda Singh Bahadur abolished the Zamindari system and gave ownership of land to the farmers. In the next six years, this army of Banda Singh Bahadur captured the area from Saharanpur to Lahore. On December 1715 AD, the Mughal army captured him along with eight hundred companions from a place called Gurdas Nangal. He was martyred by inhuman torture in Delhi on June 9, 1716.
Let’s Discuss :
Q1. Describe the origin and development of Sikhism.
Ans – There have been ten Gurus in the course of the rise and development of Sikhism. The first Guru was Nanak Dev and the tenth Guru was Gobind Singh. His disciples are known as Sikhs. He established a new social system based on equality, fraternity, honesty and earning livelihood through creative physical labour. From the very beginning, Nanak’s message, though similar to that of Kabir, Dadu, Chaitanya and other saints, was fundamentally different. Over time, the ideology of Guru Nanak became Sikhism. The second Guru Angaddev adopted a different script called Gurmukhi. The fifth Guru Arjundev wrote the ‘Adi Granth’, sacred to the Sikhs. Prepared what is known as ‘Guru Granth Sahib’ Is also called. Along with the words of the Gurus, the writings of many saint poets were also added to this book. The sixth Guru Hargobind gave military training to the Sikhs. The tenth Guru Gobind Singh founded the ‘Khalsa’. Gave a separate identity to Sikhism by establishing it. He ended the Sikh Guru tradition and destroyed the holy book ‘Guru Granth Sahib’. He was declared the Guru for the Sikhs.
Q2. Discuss the life and teachings of Guru Nanak Dev.
Ans – Life of Guru Nanak Dev – Guru Nanak was born in 1469 AD at a place called Talwandi in Punjab. His father’s name was Mahata Kalu Chand and mother’s name was Tripta. Talwandi village is now known as ‘Nankana Sahib’. Which is now known as Pakistan. Nanak was born on the full moon day of Kartik month. This child grows up to become a ‘spiritual guru’. He became famous as ‘Guru Nanak’, whom we know today as ‘Guru Nanak’. Know by the name of God. When Nanak turned seven years old, he was sent to Pandit Gopaldas’s school for education. He was interested in spirituality since childhood. Guru Nanak was married to Sulkhani, who was a resident of Batala. He had two sons – Srichand and Lakhmidas. Literature, arts and social structure were being destroyed due to lack of royal patronage in North India due to invaders. Seeing these threats to religion, he started giving sermons to organize and make the society aware.
Teachings of Guru Nanak Dev – Guru Nanak had visited India, Central Asia and Arab countries. Guru Nanak did not consider household life as an obstacle in the path of devotion. He spent most of his time in meditation and preaching. Guru Nanak reformed the society. Guru Nanak’s teachings were practical and for social welfare. He said that there is neither a Hindu nor a Muslim in the world, but everyone is the child of the only supremely powerful God, who is infinite, almighty, true, the doer, fearless, qualityless and unborn. His sermon was that we should stay away from caste discrimination and live with love.
Q3. Discuss the contribution of Guru Gobind Singh in the development of the Sikhs, who gave military form to the Sikhs.
Ans – All Sikh Gurus were householders. Guru Gobind Singh had two wives and four sons in his family. To protect the religion, Kirpal Chand formed an army for Guruji. He told the people to make all their sons Sikhs to protect the religion. People started converting their sons into Sikhs. Weapons and horses were also asked to be donated. Due to this they gathered a large number of soldiers and weapons. He also got Ramayana and Mahabharata translated into Hindi and Gurmukhi to mentally empower the Sikhs. He gave a new form to Sikhism and founded ‘Khalsa’. Established. Khalsa was established in Anandpur Sahib in 1699 AD. With the establishment of Khalsa, Guruji gave military form to Sikhism, which was the need of the hour to compete with the Mughals. Guru Gobind Singh founded ‘Khalsa’ By establishing it, it was made mandatory for Sikhs to wear five symbols in the future. These symbols were: hair, saber, bracelet, comb and briefs. Guruji, with his vision, created an army that could take on the Mughals. Those who joined this army were called Khalsa. Guru Gobind Singh declared that when the country has come under attack by foreign powers, there is only one place of pilgrimage, there is only one varna – Khalsa.
Q4. Discuss in detail the contribution of Guru Gobind Singh in the establishment and expansion of Khalsa.
Ans – Khalsa was established in Anandpur Sahib in 1699 AD. ‘Khalsa’ The word means holy. With the establishment of Khalsa, Guruji gave military form to Sikhism, which was the need of the hour to compete with the Mughals. On the day of Baisakhi in 1699 AD, on the call of Guruji, five people came forward to sacrifice their lives in the interest of religion. These are called ‘Panj Pyare’ It is said. Guruji called all these ‘five beloveds’ in front of everyone. Presented as. The five heroes took the nectar along with Guruji. These five heroes show that Guruji had followers all over India. After this Guruji started writing ‘Singh’ along with the names of all these people. And he himself used the name ‘Guru Gobind Singh’ in place of Guru Gobind Das. Came to be known as. Guru Gobind Singh founded ‘Khalsa’ By establishing it, it was made mandatory for Sikhs to wear five symbols in the future. These symbols were: hair, saber, bracelet, comb and briefs. Guruji, with his vision, created an army that could take on the Mughals. Those who joined this army were called Khalsa. Guru Gobind Singh declared that when the country has come under attack by foreign powers, there is only one place of pilgrimage, there is only one varna – Khalsa.
Q5. Give a brief description of the battles of Anandpur Sahib.
Ans – First Battle of Anandpur Sahib – In 1700 AD, ten thousand soldiers of Aurangzeb defeated Dina Along with Beg and Painda Khan, reached Punjab for war. Here Guru Gobind Singh killed Pada Khan with a single arrow, due to which the Mughal army got scared and ran away from the field. Raja Bhimchand of Bilaspur said that if Guruji wants to stay in Anandpur Sahib then he should pay the rent otherwise he should leave it. To put pressure on Guruji, Bhimchand along with his associates surrounded Anandpur Sahib. Guruji did not want a war with them, so he left Anandpur and went to a place called Nirmoh near Kiratpur.
Second Battle of Anandpur Sahib – In 1704 AD, the Mughal army once again attacked Anandpur. This time the command of the war was in the hands of Sayyid Khan and Ramzan Khan. Once again they returned after being defeated by the Sikh heroes. To avenge this defeat, Aurangzeb sent Faujdar Wazir Khan and Zabardast Khan with a large army to attack the Sikhs. The Mughals surrounded the fort. Their strategy was that when the food supplies inside would be exhausted, the Sikhs would have no other option but defeat. The Mughals’ strategy worked as the siege continued for eight months. Neither could anyone come out from inside nor could any help reach the Sikhs. The Mughals assured that if they vacated the fort, they would not be attacked. On December 21, 1704 AD, on the advice of Mata Gujri, Guruji decided to leave Anandpur.